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Help CenterSteel Pipe & Tube & High Pressure Boiler Tube，GB/T 5310-2023, GB/T 8163, GB/T 17395
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1. Product Overview
High pressure boiler tubes are seamless pressure-bearing alloy steel pipes specially used for core heating surfaces and steam transmission systems of high-pressure, supercritical and ultra-supercritical boilers. They operate continuously under severe working conditions with high temperature ranging from 450℃ to 650℃, high steam pressure above 9.8MPa and flue gas corrosion.
The products feature high stress rupture creep strength, high-temperature oxidation resistance, stable microstructure, excellent weldability and ductility, which effectively prevent deformation, cracking and steam leakage caused by long-term service under high temperature. They are essential safety pressure pipes for thermal power plants, industrial high-pressure boilers and petrochemical hydrogenation units.
Main Implementation Standards
Chinese National Standard (Preferred for Domestic Power Plants)GB/T 5310-2023 Seamless Steel Tubes for High Pressure Boilers (Implemented on April 1, 2024, replacing the old version), GB/T 17395 for dimensional tolerances
American Standard (For Export Business)ASME SA-213 (Superheater & Reheater Small Bore Tubes), ASME SA-335 (Main Steam Thick Wall Tubes P91/P92), SA-106 Gr.B/C
European StandardEN 10216-2, DIN 17175
Supporting Inspection StandardsGB/T 5777 Ultrasonic Testing, GB/T 7735 Eddy Current Testing, GB/T 241 Hydrostatic Pressure Test
2. Main Materials & Applicable Working Conditions (Classified by Temperature & Pressure)
2.1 Carbon Steel 20G (SA210-A1)
Working condition: ≤480℃, ≤10MPa water walls, economizers and low-pressure headers of medium & high pressure boilers
Performance: Special high-quality boiler carbon steel with good ductility, easy welding and cost-effective; Tensile strength ≥430MPa, Yield strength ≥265MPa
Heat treatment: Normalizing at 890~920℃
2.2 Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel 15CrMoG (P12)
Working condition: ≤540℃, 10~14MPa conventional high-pressure superheaters, reheaters and steam pipelines
Advantages: Chromium & molybdenum dual alloys improve high-temperature creep resistance and steam oxidation resistance; the most widely used general alloy tubes for power plants
Heat treatment: Normalizing at 910℃ + Tempering at 630℃
2.3 Cr-Mo-V Alloy Steel 12Cr1MoVG (Improved P22)
Working condition: 540~570℃, 17~20MPa subcritical unit main steam pipes and high-temperature superheater outlet sections
Advantages: Vanadium element refines grain structure and greatly enhances stress rupture strength, effectively preventing high-temperature embrittlement; the dominant material for domestic 300MW/600MW power generating units
Heat treatment: Normalizing at 980~1020℃ + High-temperature tempering at 720~760℃
2.4 Martensitic Heat Resistant Steel P91 (10Cr9Mo1VNb), P92
Working condition: ≥600℃, 28~35MPa supercritical & ultra-supercritical million-kilowatt units, nuclear power steam generators
Advantages: 9% chromium content provides outstanding anti-oxidation performance, excellent stress rupture strength at 620℃, suitable for high-temperature thick-wall main steam headers
Heat treatment: Normalizing at 1050℃ + Tempering at 760℃, delivery hardness controlled ≤220HB
3. Specification Parameters
3.1 Outer Diameter Range
Cold-drawn precision small tubes: Φ16mm ~ Φ89mm
Conventional hot-rolled tubes: Φ102mm ~ Φ325mm
Large diameter hot-expanded thick wall tubes: Φ351mm ~ Φ1020mm
3.2 Wall Thickness Range
2.5mm ~ 70mm; Thick-wall tube definition: wall thickness ≥10% of outer diameter or wall thickness ≥10mm
3.3 Length
Standard fixed lengths: 6m / 12m; Customizable random lengths from 3m to 13m; 11.8m standard sea transport length for export
3.4 Dimensional Tolerance
Outer diameter ±0.75%D; Wall thickness ±12.5%S; Ovality ≤80% of outer diameter tolerance
3.5 Theoretical Weight Formula
W=0.02466×(Outer Diameter D - Wall Thickness S)×Wall Thickness S (kg/m)
4. Complete Production Process
Refined Billet: LF+VD secondary refining round billets, strictly control harmful impurities S≤0.015%, P≤0.025% to reduce high-temperature embrittlement risk
High-temperature Piercing: Round billets heated to 1200~1250℃ in annular furnace, pierced by PQF three-roll continuous mill to form hollow shells
Precision Rolling / Cold Drawing: Hot rolling reducing or cold drawing finishing to guarantee dimensional accuracy and smooth inner surface
Core Heat Treatment (Delivery State: Normalizing + Tempering)Exclusive temperature control process matched for each material to stabilize metallographic structure and improve high-temperature creep performance
Straightening, Saw Cutting & Surface Grinding: Remove oxide scale, cracks and folding defects
Full-range Non-destructive & Physical-Chemical Testing (100% inspection tube by tube)
Mark Spraying, Packing & Warehousing
5. Physical-Chemical & Non-destructive Testing Standards (Mandatory Factory Inspection)
5.1 Mechanical & Physical-Chemical Tests
Tensile test: Tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation after fracture
High-temperature stress rupture test (100,000-hour creep indicators at 500℃ / 550℃)
Flattening test & Expanding test: No cracks under 60° mandrel expansion rate ≥15%
Normal temperature impact test, hardness test, metallographic grain size ≥Grade 6
Full spectrum chemical composition analysis; strict limit on residual harmful elements such as As, Sn
5.2 100% Non-destructive Testing
Ultrasonic Testing (UT): Detect internal lamination, cracks and inclusions
Eddy Current Testing (ET): Detect surface microcracks and subcutaneous defects
Hydrostatic Pressure Test: Test pressure calculated by formula P=2SR/D, hold pressure for ≥10 seconds without leakage; maximum test pressure up to 20MPa
6. Main Application Fields
Thermal Power Plants (Core Application)Water walls, economizers, high-temperature superheaters, reheaters, headers, main steam pipelines and lead air pipes of subcritical & supercritical boilers
Industrial High-pressure BoilersMetallurgical waste heat boilers, waste incineration high-pressure boilers, steam pipelines for chemical self-owned power stations
Petrochemical IndustryHydrogenation reactors, cracking furnace tubes, high-temperature high-pressure heat exchangers, high-pressure heat exchange equipment for coal chemical industry
Nuclear Power Supporting EquipmentHigh-temperature pressure-bearing pipelines for steam generators (Special P91/P92 tubes)
7. Product Performance Advantages
Excellent High Temperature & High Pressure ResistanceStable long-term operation under 570℃, good resistance to steam oxidation and coal ash corrosion
Long Creep Service LifeStrict control of trace elements inhibits high-temperature microstructure aging; equipment service life can reach over 100,000 hours
Superior WeldabilityLow carbon equivalent; conventional TIG & SAW welding hardly generates cold cracks; mature supporting preheating & post-weld tempering processes for alloy tubes
High Safety PerformanceSeamless structure without welding seams; full-process non-destructive testing and tube-by-tube hydrostatic test eliminate risks of steam leakage and explosion
High Dimensional AccuracySmooth inner surface of cold-drawn tubes brings higher heat exchange efficiency than ordinary fluid tubes; uniform wall thickness of thick-wall tubes ensures balanced pressure bearing
8. Delivery, Packing & Logistics
Delivery State: Uniform normalizing + tempering heat treatment; black oxide scale surface or shot blasting rust removal (Optional for export orders)
Marking: Each tube sprayed with marks including execution standard, material, heat batch number, dimension, factory logo and qualified inspection number
Packing
Small bore tubes: Bundled with steel strips, both ends protected by plastic caps, wrapped with moisture-proof anti-rust paper
Large diameter thick wall tubes: Fixed by steel hoops for single tube, pipe ends sealed tightly
Delivery Lead TimeConventional spot specifications: Available for delivery within 1~3 days; Custom special materials / extra large thick wall tubes: 5-7 days production cycle, shipped from Tianjin Port for export
Attached Documents with Shipment: Original material test certificate, NDT inspection report, hydrostatic test record, factory certificate and third-party inspection report
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