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Help CenterSteel Pipe & Tube & Petroleum Steel Pipe，Gr.B、X42、X52、X60、X65、X70、X80
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1. Product Overview
Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) refer to special pressure-bearing steel pipes for oil and gas exploration, drilling, well completion and long-distance oil & gas transmission. They fall into three main categories: downhole casing & tubing, drill pipes and surface line pipes. All products are manufactured via seamless or high-precision welding processes in compliance with international API standards and national GB standards. Suitable for shallow wells, deep wells, ultra-deep wells, H₂S/CO₂ corrosive wells, subsea pipelines and long-distance trunk lines, they feature outstanding compressive collapse resistance, tensile strength, corrosion resistance to hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, as well as superior sealing performance.
Applicable Core Standards
Downhole casing, tubing and drill pipe: API SPEC 5CT, API 5B (Thread Standard), GB/T 19830
Oil & gas transmission line pipe: API SPEC 5L, GB/T 9711
Anti-corrosion special pipes: ISO 11960, NACE MR0175 (sulfide resistance standard)
2. Product Classification, Application, Specifications & Steel Grades
2.1 Casing
Functions
Run into the wellbore and cemented to support well walls, prevent formation collapse, isolate formations with different pressure zones, and separate formation water and hydrocarbon fluids to ensure safe drilling and long-term production. Classified by running sequence: conductor casing, surface casing, intermediate casing and production casing.
Technical Specifications
Outside Diameter: 4-1/2" ~ 20" (114.3mm ~ 508mm)
Wall Thickness: 6.20mm ~ 16.13mm; upset ends available on request
Standard Length Range: R1 (4.88~7.62m), R2 (7.62~10.36m), R3 (10.36~13.72m); regular lengths: 9.6m / 12m
Theoretical Weight Formula: (OD-WT)×WT×0.02466 = kg/m
Main Steel Grades & Applicable Well Conditions
| Steel Grade | Service Condition |
|---|---|
| J55 / K55 | Shallow low-pressure water wells & shallow development wells |
| N80 | Conventional medium-shallow oil & gas wells, economical general grade |
| L80-1 / 13Cr | CO₂ corrosive wells & mild sulfide-containing wells |
| C90 / T95 | Medium-deep wells with low hydrogen sulfide corrosion |
| P110 | Deep wells with high pressure & high collapse load formations |
| Q125 | Ultra-deep wells under ultra-high formation pressure |
Thread Connections
STC (Short Round Thread), LTC (Long Round Thread), BTC (Buttress Thread), premium metal sealing connections (VAM TOP, BGC etc. for high-pressure gas wells)
2.2 Tubing
Functions
Suspended inside casing to serve as the lifting channel for crude oil and natural gas. Also applied for water injection, acidizing, fracturing and polymer injection operations, bearing internal pressure, tensile stress and erosion from corrosive media.
Technical Specifications
Outside Diameter: 2-3/8" ~ 4-1/2" (60.3mm ~ 114.3mm)
Wall Thickness: 4.83mm ~ 9.52mm
Length: 6~12.5m; standard R2 length: 9.6m
Tubing Types by Structure
NU Non-Upset Tubing: Uniform wall thickness at both ends, widely used for shallow wells
EU External Upset Tubing: Externally thickened pipe ends for enhanced thread strength, mainstream grade for medium-deep wells
IJ Integral Joint Tubing: Integral upset without coupling, dedicated for slim-hole wells
Matching Steel Grades
Same as casing grades. L80-13Cr, Super 13Cr and nickel-based alloy corrosion-resistant tubing are selected for sulfide-containing wells.
2.3 Drill Pipe
Functions
Connect drill bits to surface equipment, transmit torque and weight on bit, circulate drilling mud, and withstand combined alternating loads of tension, compression, torsion and bending.
Specifications & Steel Grades
Outside Diameter: 60.3mm ~ 168.3mm; pipe ends with internal & external upsets equipped with tool joints
Standard Steel Grades: E75, X95, G105, S135 (high strength & high toughness)
Standard Length: 8.5~9.5m
2.4 Line Pipe
Functions
Used for oil & gas field gathering pipelines, long-distance trunk pipelines, subsea pipelines and refinery process pipelines for long-distance fluid transportation, requiring high toughness, excellent weldability and resistance to soil & seawater corrosion.
Manufacturing Processes
Seamless line pipe, ERW High-Frequency Electric Resistance Welded pipe, LSAW Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded pipe, SSAW Spiral Submerged Arc Welded pipe
Specifications & Steel Grades
Nominal Diameter: DN50 ~ DN1400 (2" ~ 56")
Main API 5L Grades: Gr.B, X42, X52, X60, X65, X70, X80 (the number after X represents minimum yield strength in ksi)
Anti-corrosion Coatings: 3PE / 2PE, single-layer FBE fusion bonded epoxy, epoxy coal tar pitch, internal drag reduction coating
3. Main Production Process
3.1 Production Flow for Seamless Casing, Tubing & Drill Pipe
Billet heating → Piercing & rolling → Continuous hot rolling & sizing → Straightening → Quenching & tempering heat treatment (to control strength and toughness) → 100% NDT inspection (UT Ultrasonic Test + MT Magnetic Particle Test) → Pipe end threading, phosphating & copper plating to prevent thread galling → Coupling assembly & hydrostatic pressure test (hold pressure without leakage) → Drift test → Marking & painting → Anti-rust packaging & delivery
3.2 Production Flow for Welded Line Pipe
Steel coil uncoiling & leveling → UOE / JCOE forming → Submerged arc / high-frequency welding → Weld seam stress relief heat treatment → Expanding & rounding → Full weld NDT inspection → Hydrostatic test → External anti-corrosion coating processing
4. Key Performance Indicators
Mechanical Properties: Yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, reduction of area, low-temperature impact energy (-20℃ / -40℃ low-temperature toughness)
Collapse Resistance: Resist external formation pressure to avoid pipe collapse; customized high-collapse series for deep wells
Corrosion Resistance
Carbon steel: For fresh water & low-corrosion oil/gas wells
9Cr / 13Cr martensitic stainless steel: Anti-CO₂ corrosion
L80, C90 series: NACE standard H₂S sulfide stress cracking resistant, prevent hydrogen-induced cracking
Sealing Performance: Standard threads & premium metal sealing connections, zero leakage for high-pressure gas wells
Pressure Resistance: Hydrostatic test on every single pipe, test pressure over 1.5 times rated working pressure
5. Surface Anti-Corrosion & Auxiliary Treatment
External Pipe Body: Zinc-rich primer, asphalt paint, 3PE three-layer polyethylene coating (standard for buried pipelines)
Internal Pipe Wall: Epoxy internal coating for drag reduction, scale inhibition and corrosion delay
Thread & Coupling: Phosphating + copper plating treatment, coated with special thread compound to avoid thread galling, abrasion and leakage
Accessories: Sub pup joints, couplings and thread protectors; plastic thread protectors prevent thread collision & damage during transportation
6. Inspection & Testing System (Full Process Quality Control)
Raw Material Inspection: Chemical composition & mechanical property re-inspection by heat number
On-line NDT: 100% ultrasonic inspection for internal & external cracks and laminations
Magnetic Particle Inspection: Screen micro-cracks on threads and upset sections
Hydrostatic Test: Hold pressure without leakage or plastic deformation
Drift Test: Ensure internal flow cross-section meets standard requirements
Dimension Sampling Inspection: Full inspection of OD, WT, length and thread precision
Third-party Authorized Certification: API monogram, SGS, BV and third-party material test reports available
7. Packaging, Marking & Delivery Lead Time
Packaging: Plastic thread protectors at both pipe ends; large-diameter line pipes bundled with steel strips and covered with rainproof plastic film; sea freight supported with anti-rust packing strips and wooden pallets
Marking: Steel grade, OD & WT, length, heat number, API standard, manufacturer logo, production date and hydrostatic test pressure sprayed on pipe body
Lead Time: Standard spot goods deliver within 5-7 days
8. Application Scenarios
Upstream Exploration & Drilling: Drill pipe, surface / intermediate / production casing
Oil & Gas Production: Tubing, downhole pup joints, upset pup joints
Surface Oil & Gas Transportation: Gathering pipelines, long-distance trunk lines, subsea pipelines
Refining & Chemical Plants: Petroleum cracking pipes, high-pressure heat exchanger pipes
Special Working Conditions: Sulfide-containing oil & gas wells, high-temperature deep wells, offshore oil & gas platforms, shale gas fracturing wells
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