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Help CenterSteel Pipe & Tube & High Pressure Boiler Tube，ASME SA210、SA213、ASTM A335 P、DIN17175、EN10216-2
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1. Product Overview
High Pressure Boiler Tube refers to seamless steel tubes for high-pressure boilers, complying with national standard GB/T 5310-2023 implemented on April 1, 2024. Different from medium & low pressure boiler tubes GB/T3087, it is specially used for high-temperature pressure-bearing components of power station boilers, waste heat boilers and petrochemical hydrogenation units with working pressure ≥9.8MPa and operating temperature 450～650℃.
Manufactured from clean steel billets via electric arc furnace, secondary refining and vacuum degassing, integrally seamless formed by hot rolling, cold drawing or hot expanding without welds or lamination defects. Core performances include high-temperature stress rupture strength, creep resistance, oxidation resistance, steam corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness. Mandatorily delivered after heat treatment, each tube undergoes full non-destructive testing and hydrostatic test. It is the exclusive certified pressure-bearing tube for supercritical / ultra-supercritical thermal power units and industrial high-pressure boilers, applied to heating surfaces, headers and main steam pipelines.
High Temperature Pressure Bearing Principle
The inner wall of boiler tube carries high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam while the outer wall is exposed to high-temperature flue gas, enduring cyclic thermal stress and internal creep load for long term. Alloy elements Cr, Mo, V, Nb form stable carbonitrides to block grain sliding and permanent plastic deformation under high temperature. The integral seamless structure eliminates weak welding heat-affected zones to prevent tube burst and leakage under high temperature & pressure. Strict control of S and P impurities avoids intergranular corrosion and thermal fatigue cracking.
2. Product Forming Classification
Hot Rolled High Pressure Boiler Tube (Mainstream for Large Diameter Heavy Wall)Formed by piercing, continuous rolling / mandrel controlled rolling and sizing, outer diameter Φ32～711mm, wall thickness 4～60mm. High production efficiency and uniform wall thickness, exclusively for headers, main steam pipelines and heavy wall mother tubes.
Cold Drawn High Pressure Boiler Tube (Small Diameter Thin Wall for Heating Surfaces)Hot rolled blanks are pickled, phosphated and multi-pass cold drawn, outer diameter Φ10～89mm, wall thickness 2.0～12mm. Ultra-high dimensional accuracy and smooth inner & outer walls, used for heat exchange tubes of superheaters, reheaters and economizers.
Hot Expanded High Pressure Boiler Tube (Custom Extra Large Diameter)Medium & small diameter mother tubes are integrally heated and radially expanded, max outer diameter up to Φ1200mm for large unit large-diameter headers.
3. Main Steel Grades, Parameters & Application Scenarios (Classified by Temperature & Pressure)
1. Carbon Boiler Steel 20G (SA210 A1)
Application: Subcritical low-temperature heating surfaces, economizers and low-temperature feedwater pipes ≤450℃, ≤10MPa
Features: Low cost and excellent weldability, only for low-temperature sections without high-temperature creep resistance
2. Cr-Mo Low Alloy 15CrMoG (SA213 T12 / P12)
Application: Superheaters and headers of conventional high-pressure boilers at 500～540℃, 10～16MPa
Cr+Mo alloy forms dense oxide film to resist steam corrosion with stable stress rupture strength at 540℃, standard medium & medium-high pressure tube for power plants
3. Cr-Mo-V Heat Resistant Steel 12Cr1MoVG (SA213 T22 / P22)
Application: Main steam and reheater tubes of subcritical and ultra-high pressure units at 540～570℃, 17～25MPa
Vanadium addition refines grains and greatly improves high-temperature creep strength, core heating surface material for domestic 300/600MW units
4. 9Cr Martensitic Heat Resistant Steel P91 (10Cr9Mo1VNb)
Application: Supercritical units at 580～600℃, 24～30MPa
9% high chromium for oxidation resistance, allowable stress at 600℃ far higher than 12Cr1MoVG, mainstream high-end material for main steam and reheat pipelines
5. Ultra-Supercritical Exclusive P92 (10Cr9Mo1VNbN)
Application: Million-kilowatt ultra-supercritical units ≥600℃, 28～35MPa
Tungsten reinforced, high-temperature stress rupture strength increased by 10%～20% compared with P91, thinner wall thickness available under equal parameters to reduce pipeline dead weight
Equivalent International Export Grades
ASTM ASME SA210, SA213, ASTM A335 P series; DIN 17175; EN 10216-2
Standard Delivery Heat Treatment Status
20G: Normalized;
15CrMoG/12Cr1MoVG: Normalized + high temperature tempered;
P91/P92: Normalized + tempered (strict temperature control to guarantee tempered martensite structure).
4. Applicable Standard System
Mandatory Domestic Chinese Standards
GB/T 5310-2023 Seamless Steel Tubes for High Pressure Boilers (Current Top Standard)
GB/T 228 Tensile test of metals, GB/T 229 Charpy impact test
GB/T 6402 NDT of steel forgings, GB/T 5777 Ultrasonic inspection of seamless steel tubes
GB/T 241 Hydrostatic test method for metal tubes
International Export Standards
ASME SA210, SA213, ASTM A335, EN 10216-2, JIS G3461
5. Complete Specification Parameters
Outer Diameter RangeCold drawn: Φ10～89mm; Hot rolled: Φ32～711mm; Custom hot expanded: Φ720～1200mm
Wall Thickness RangeThin wall heat exchange tube: 2.0～12mm; Conventional heavy wall header: 12～40mm; Extra-heavy wall main steam mother tube: 40～60mm
Standard Fixed Length6m, 9m, 12m; custom 3m, 15m, 18m available, both ends processed with 30°/37.5° welding bevels
Surface Delivery Types
As-hot-rolled black scale: Shot blasted to remove oxide scale for original factory delivery;
Cold drawn bright tube: Smooth inner & outer walls after precision drawing for small heating surface tubes;
Machined bevel finished tube: Precisely turned bevels at both ends for direct field assembly & welding by power plants.
Dimensional Tolerance Control (High Precision Class per GB/T5310)
Outer diameter tolerance Class D1 ±1.5%; wall thickness tolerance ±10%; straightness ≤1.5mm per meter; ovality and wall thickness unevenness strictly limited to avoid local stress concentration.
6. Complete Production Process
Refined steel billet → Uniform heating in furnace → Piercing hot rolling / cold drawing forming → Sizing / precision drawing → Heat treatment (normalizing / tempering) → Shot blasting cleaning inner & outer walls → Fixed-length cutting & end bevel processing → 100% per-piece ultrasonic UT inspection + eddy current ET inspection → Per-piece hydrostatic pressure test → Batch sampling physical & chemical tests → Marking of heat number, grade, standard and size → Anti-rust oil coating, plastic end caps for protection → Strapping and palletized warehousing
7. Mandatory Full-Range Inspection Standards (100% per-piece test + batch sampling test per heat)
1. Non-Destructive Testing (100% per-piece test, compulsory for high pressure boiler tubes)
Ultrasonic UT: Detect internal shrinkage cavity, lamination, cracks and slag inclusion;
Eddy current ET: Detect micro surface cracks, folds and slivers on inner & outer walls;
Hydrostatic test: Hold 1.5 times design working pressure for ≥5s without leakage for qualified delivery.
2. Physical & Chemical Mechanical Sampling Tests (Mandatory per melting heat)
Tensile test: Yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at room & high temperature;
Charpy V-notch low-temperature impact (0℃/-20℃): Guarantee toughness under startup/shutdown and low-temperature conditions;
High-temperature stress rupture test (Alloy boiler tubes): 100,000-hour stress rupture strength meets standard;
180° flattening & flaring forming test: Verify plasticity for tube bending and welding processing;
Full spectrum chemical analysis: Strict control S≤0.015%, P≤0.025%, much higher purity than ordinary seamless tubes;
Hardness test: Control hardness range to avoid welding cold cracks.
3. Appearance & Dimensional Inspection
Inner & outer walls free of cracks, folds, scabs, pits and accumulated oxide scale; bevel angle, root face, outer diameter and wall thickness measured and recorded per piece.
8. Core Product Advantages
Integral seamless forming with high safety margin under high temperature & pressureNo weak weld zones, no tube burst risk under cyclic thermal stress, the only compliant tube for core high-pressure bearing components of thermal power and chemical industry.
Full series heat-resistant grades fully covering unit parametersHierarchical selection of 20G/15CrMoG/12Cr1MoVG/P91/P92 from subcritical, supercritical to ultra-supercritical units, balancing cost and high-temperature durability.
Clean steel smelting + dual NDT for zero delivery defectsVacuum degassing for low impurities, full coverage of UT+ET dual inspection, one-time pass of third-party site inspection without rework.
Delivered after heat treatment with stable creep-resistant microstructureUnified tempering heat treatment eliminates residual rolling stress, no creep deformation under long-term high-temperature operation to extend unit overhaul cycle.
Two production processes matching thin heat exchange tubes and heavy wall headersPrecision cold drawn small tubes for heating surfaces; heavy wall hot rolled tubes bearing high internal pressure for main steam pipelines, one-stop supporting full boiler system.
Customizable bevel, length and anti-rust treatment for overseas power station projectsProduction compliant with ASTM and EN standards, bevel, fixed length and anti-rust packaging customized per overseas engineering specifications.
9. Main Application Fields
Thermal Power Plant Boilers (Core Application)300/600/1000MW subcritical, supercritical and ultra-supercritical units: Economizers, superheaters, reheater heating surface tubes, water walls, headers, main steam / reheat steam mother tubes.
Waste Heat Power Generation, Biomass & Waste Incineration BoilersMetallurgical waste heat boilers, high-temperature flue gas heat exchange tubes for waste incineration, pressure-bearing pipe fittings of biomass high-pressure steam boilers.
Petrochemical Hydrogenation & Cracking UnitsHeat exchange tubes of hydrogenation reactors, high-temperature high-pressure steam pipelines for catalytic cracking, heating furnace tubes of reforming units.
Coal Chemical & Fertilizer High-Pressure UnitsHigh-pressure waste heat boilers for synthetic ammonia, high-temperature steam transmission pipelines of coal chemical industry.
Nuclear Power Conventional Island & Centralized HeatingHigh-temperature high-pressure pipelines of nuclear power conventional islands, high-pressure boiler headers of large urban cogeneration plants.
Industrial Large-Scale High-Pressure Steam BoilersSelf-provided high-pressure boilers in chemical parks, core pressure-bearing pipe fittings of large steam boilers for papermaking & textile industries.
10. Packaging, Loading Port & Lead Time
Standard Export Seaworthy PackagingBoth ends of each tube fitted with plastic protective plugs, inner walls evenly coated with anti-rust oil; tubes of same specification & length stacked with wooden spacers to avoid bevel collision; cross steel strapping for reinforcement with metal corner guards on ends; full stacks loaded on wooden pallets, wrapped with inner VCI vapor phase anti-rust film and outer blue waterproof woven cloth for moisture, rust and seawater corrosion prevention during sea transportation.
Loading Port: Tianjin Port, full container shipments also available from Qingdao Port and Shanghai Port.
Lead Time
Regular stock hot rolled / cold drawn 20G, 15CrMoG: 5–8 days
Standard specification 12Cr1MoVG, P91: 10–16 days
Custom P92 and hot expanded extra large diameter tubes: 20–32 days
MOQ & Test SamplesMinimum order quantity 5 tons; standard test coupons for tensile, impact and NDT testing provided free of charge.
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