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Help CenterSteel Sheet & Plate & Pressure Vessel Plate，SA516 Gr55/60/65/70、SA515、SA387、EN 10028 P265GH、P355GH、13CrMo44、JIS G3115 SPV
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1. Product Definition
Pressure vessel steel plate, fully named steel plate for boilers and pressure vessels, is a special medium and heavy steel plate designed for manufacturing sealed pressure-bearing equipment. It serves under working conditions of high temperature, high pressure, alternating loads and corrosive media for a long time. Different from ordinary structural steel plates, it features strict control over impurities, toughness, welding performance and flaw detection indicators to ensure explosion-proof safety of pressure-bearing equipment, belonging to special steel for special equipment.
2. Applicable Standard System
2.1 Domestic National Standards (Main Supply Specifications)
GB/T 713.1~3-2023 Steel Plates and Strips for Pressure Equipment (replaced old version GB/T713-2014), covering full-series pressure vessel plates for normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature resistance, thickness range: 3~250mm
GB/T 3531-2019 Low Alloy Steel Plates for Low Temperature Pressure Vessels (special standard for 16MnDR, 09MnNiDR low-temperature plates)
Flaw detection standard: NB/T 47013.3 Non-destructive Testing of Pressure Equipment, UT Grade I / Grade II
Supporting regulation: TSG 21 Safety Technical Supervision Regulation for Stationary Pressure Vessels
2.2 International Standards for Export
American Standard (ASME): SA516 Gr55/60/65/70, SA515, SA387 (chromium-molybdenum heat-resistant plate), A285
European Standard (EN): EN 10028 P265GH, P355GH, 13CrMo44
Japanese Standard (JIS): JIS G3115 SPV Series
3. Main Material Grades & Applicable Working Conditions
3.1 Normal Temperature Carbon & Low Alloy Pressure Vessel Plates (Most Widely Used)
Q245RApplicable temperature range: 0~450℃, for low-pressure and normal-temperature vesselsPerformance: Yield strength ≥245MPa, tensile strength 400~520MPa, low cost and excellent weldabilityApplication: Atmospheric storage tanks, low-pressure boiler drums, common heat exchangers, water treatment pressure vessels
Q345R (Largest Market Consumption)Applicable temperature range: -20℃~475℃, universal medium & high pressure working conditionsMechanical properties: Yield strength ≥345MPa, tensile strength 510~640MPa, impact energy ≥34J at -20℃Derivative grade: Q345R(HIC) hydrogen induced cracking resistant plate with ultra-low sulfur and phosphorus, suitable for oil & gas storage tanks containing hydrogen sulfide and hydrogenation unitsEquivalent American Standard: SA516 Gr70
Q370R / Q420R / Q460RHigh-strength lightweight pressure vessel plates, applied for large high-pressure storage tanks and thick-wall reactors, reducing cylinder wall thickness and lowering overall weight and cost.
3.2 Special Low-Temperature Pressure Vessel Plates (Subzero Working Conditions)
16MnDR: For equipment operating at -40℃, liquid ammonia and carbon dioxide storage tanks
09MnNiDR: Ultra-low temperature down to -70℃, LNG auxiliary tanks and low-temperature separation equipment
9Ni Steel: Ultra-low temperature -196℃, core material for liquid natural gas LNG storage tanks
3.3 Heat-Resistant Chromium-Molybdenum Pressure Vessel Plates (High-Temperature Hydrogenation & Cracking Units)
15CrMoR: Maximum service temperature ≤550℃, hydrogenation reactors and steam header manifolds
12Cr1MoVR: Maximum service temperature ≤580℃, high-temperature boilers and petroleum cracking pressure-bearing equipment
14Cr1MoR: Special plate for thick-wall high temperature & high pressure reactors
4. Specification Parameters
Thickness: 8mm ~ 250mm; hot rolled thin gauge: 8~36mm; plates over 36mm delivered in normalized / normalized & tempered condition
Width: 1500mm, 1800mm, 2000mm, 2200mm, 2500mm wide width
Length: 6000/8000/10000/12000mm, custom cutting length available
Tolerance: Thickness, flatness and dimensional tolerance strictly comply with GB/T713, superior to ordinary medium plate standards
5. Core Chemical Composition Control (Q345R Example, wt%)
C≤0.20, Si 0.20~0.55, Mn1.20~1.60, P≤0.025, S≤0.015
Strictly control harmful impurities S and P to avoid welding cracks, lamellar tearing and stress corrosion
Aluminum killed steel for grain refinement and improved low-temperature impact toughness; S≤0.008 for HIC resistant special plates
6. Delivery Heat Treatment Status (Selected by Thickness & Working Conditions)
HR Hot Rolled: Thin plates ≤16mm for low-pressure normal-temperature vessels
CR Controlled Rolling: Medium thickness 16~36mm with balanced comprehensive performance
N Normalized: Mandatory for plates over 36mm, low-temperature plates and Cr-Mo heat-resistant plates, uniform grain structure and greatly enhanced toughness
N+T Normalized & Tempered: Thick wall plates over 60mm and high-temperature hydrogenation equipment, eliminating internal stress and improving creep resistance
Q+T Quenched & Tempered: High-strength Q690DR series for special ultra-high pressure vessels
7. Key Mechanical Properties (Normalized Q345R Plate Example)
Yield Strength ReH ≥345MPa
Tensile Strength Rm 510~640MPa
Elongation A ≥21%
Charpy V-notch impact test: Impact energy Akv≥34J at -20℃
Cold bending test: 180° bending without cracks, excellent forming performance
Weldability: Low carbon equivalent, compatible with submerged arc welding, TIG welding and manual arc welding, low tendency of cold cracking
8. Quality Inspection & Flaw Detection Requirements (Mandatory for Special Equipment)
Mechanical test per sheet: Tensile test, normal/low temperature impact test; high temperature tensile test and through-thickness Z-direction tensile test for thick plates
Ultrasonic UT Flaw Detection
Conventional equipment: Grade II qualified
Core cylinders for high pressure, low temperature and hydrogenation boilers: Grade I detection (no internal defects such as lamination, shrinkage cavity and inclusion)
Surface Quality: Free of cracks, scarring, folding, blisters and lamination; the depth of defect cleaning shall not exceed half of thickness tolerance to guarantee minimum wall thickness
Custom additional inspection (on demand): HIC hydrogen induced cracking test, DWTT drop weight tear test, grain size inspection, hardness test
9. Core Product Advantages
Wide applicable temperature range: Cover all pressure-bearing scenarios from -196℃ ultra-low temperature to 600℃ high temperature
High safety and stability: Killed steel refined outside furnace, ultra-low impurities, excellent fatigue resistance, brittle fracture resistance and corrosion resistance
Superior processing performance: Available for rolling, bending, beveling and heat treatment, good welding compatibility and reduced post-weld flaw detection rework
Full range of specifications: Thin plate starting from 8mm to super thick plate up to 250mm; wide width reduces welding seams on cylinder body
Custom special versions available: HIC hydrogen resistant grade, Z-direction performance, low-temperature drop weight test, export plates complying with American / European standards
10. Application Industries
Petrochemical Industry: Reactors, hydrogenation units, oil & gas storage tanks, desulfurization & decarbonization equipment, liquefied gas tanks
Power & Boiler Industry: Power station boiler drums, headers, heat exchangers, waste heat recovery pressure cylinders
Energy LNG Industry: Low-temperature liquid oxygen / liquid nitrogen / LNG storage tanks, low-temperature separation equipment
Coal Chemical Industry: Gasifiers, shift converters, high-pressure gas storage tanks
Pharmaceutical, Building Material & Food Industry: Sterilization pressure tanks, fermentation reactors, steam storage tanks
Nuclear Power & New Energy Industry: Auxiliary nuclear pressure equipment, energy storage high-pressure tanks
11. Supply Supporting Information
Origin: Domestic top steel mills (Wuyang, Nanjing, Xiangtan, Jinan Iron & Steel); original mill test certificate, flaw detection report and material sheet can be provided
Packaging: Anti-rust paint coated on steel plates, edge protection; marked with grade, heat number, batch number, flaw detection grade and heat treatment status
Delivery Cycle: 5-7 days, shipped from Tianjin Port; whole plate, cutting parts and rough machined bevel products available
Supporting Services: Agency for flaw detection, heat treatment, cutting, Z-direction test and export commodity inspection
12. Core Differences Between Pressure Vessel Plate & Ordinary Medium Heavy Plate
| Comparison Item | Pressure Vessel Steel Plate | Ordinary Carbon / Low Alloy Steel Plate |
|---|---|---|
| Smelting Process | Killed steel, external furnace refining | Mostly semi-killed / rimmed steel |
| S & P Content | S≤0.015%, P≤0.025% | S/P≤0.045%, high impurity content |
| Mandatory Flaw Detection | UT Grade I / II detection for each thick plate | No mandatory flaw detection requirement |
| Low Temperature Impact Test | Standard low-temperature impact test | Only normal temperature mechanical test, no low-temperature toughness requirement |
| Application Scenarios | Licensed pressure-bearing special equipment | Factory steel structures, supports, general sheet metal |
| Safety Margin | Stable under long-term alternating high temperature & high pressure loads | Only for static loads at normal temperature |
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