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Help CenterSteel Pipe & Tube & Petroleum Steel Pipe，H40、J55、K55、N80、L80、C90
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Petroleum Pipe Product Detailed Description
Petroleum pipes (OCTG) are the core pipe materials for oil and gas exploration and development, mainly including four major categories: Casing, Tubing, Drill Pipe and Line Pipe. They comply with API and national standards, featuring high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistance and reliable sealing performance.
1. Product Classification and Core Application
1.1 Casing
Application: Supporting well walls, isolating formation layers, preventing well collapse and leakage; permanently retained in the well after cementing. It accounts for over 70% consumption of oil country tubular goods.
Well Structure Levels: Conductor Pipe → Surface Casing → Intermediate Casing → Production Casing.
Specification: Outer diameter 114.3～508mm (4½"～20"), wall thickness 5～15.9mm, length 5.5～22.23m.
Steel Grade: H40, J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110, Q125, V150 (strength increases in sequence).
Thread Type: Short Round Thread (SC), Long Round Thread (LC), Buttress Thread (BC), Premium Connection (TP, VAM and other special threads).
1.2 Tubing
Application: Installed inside production casing to transport oil and gas to the ground; also used for water injection, acidizing and fracturing operations.
Specification: Outer diameter 48.36～114.3mm (1.9"～4½"), wall thickness 4.83～9.52mm, length 6～12.5m.
Common Steel Grade: N80, L80, C90, T95, P110.
Type: Non-upset Tubing (NU), External Upset Tubing (EU), Integral Joint Tubing.
1.3 Drill Pipe
Application: Connecting drill bits, transmitting torque and drilling pressure, circulating drilling fluid; bearing combined loads of tension, compression, torsion and bending.
Structure: Pipe body + tool joint (upset flash butt welding), including standard drill pipe, heavy weight drill pipe and drill collar.
Specification: Outer diameter 60.3～168.3mm, length 8～12m.
Steel Grade: E75, X95, G105, S135.
1.4 Line Pipe
Application: Long-distance transportation of crude oil and natural gas, also applied to station process pipelines.
Standard: API 5L, GB/T 9711; Steel Grade from B to X80 (X stands for yield strength ksi).
Specification: DN50～DN600; available in seamless pipe, longitudinal submerged arc welded pipe; anti-corrosion options: 3PE, FBE.
2. Material and Core Performance
2.1 Common Steel Grade & Applicable Working Conditions
J55/K55: Shallow well, low pressure, non-corrosive environment, economical type.
N80: Medium-deep well, medium pressure, general-purpose type.
L80: Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) resistant, medium and high temperature, preferred grade for sour service wells.
C90/T95: High H₂S resistance and stress corrosion resistance, suitable for severe sour environment.
P110: Deep well and ultra-deep well, high pressure with high strength requirement.
13Cr/22Cr: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) corrosion resistant, applied in high CO₂ oil and gas wells.
Nickel-based Alloy: Extreme corrosion environment (H₂S+CO₂+Cl⁻), high temperature and high pressure ultra-deep wells.
2.2 Key Performance Requirements
High Strength: Yield strength ranges from 55ksi (J55) to 150ksi (V150), resistant to internal pressure and external collapse.
High Toughness: Low-temperature impact energy ≥27J to avoid brittle fracture.
Corrosion Resistance: Resistant to H₂S (SSCC), CO₂ and Cl⁻ pitting corrosion; special steel grade for sour wells.
Reliable Sealing: Air and water tightness of threaded connection with metal sealing and torque shoulder.
Dimensional Accuracy: Outer diameter tolerance ±0.5%, wall thickness tolerance -12.5%～+15%, ensuring interchangeability.
3. Manufacturing Process & Executive Standards
3.1 Manufacturing Process
Seamless Pipe: Billet heating → piercing → hot rolling → sizing → heat treatment → thread processing → flaw detection → anti-corrosion treatment.
Welded Pipe (ERW/HFW): Steel strip forming → high-frequency welding → heat treatment → thread processing → flaw detection → anti-corrosion treatment.
3.2 Executive Standards
International Standards: API SPEC 5CT (Oil Casing & Tubing), API SPEC 5B (Thread), API SPEC 5L (Line Pipe).
National Standards: GB/T 19830, SY/T 6194, GB 9948 (Petroleum Cracking Pipe).
4. Thread & Connection Mode
4.1 API Standard Thread
Round Thread (SC/LC): 60° thread angle, sealed by thread surface, suitable for medium-low pressure and shallow wells.
Buttress Thread (BC): 3°/10° bearing angle, large bearing capacity and anti-slip performance, suitable for deep wells and high pressure.
4.2 Premium Connection
Features: Main metal seal + torque shoulder + auxiliary seal, excellent airtight and watertight performance, anti-corrosion and anti-fatigue.
Main Brands: VAM, TP, HYD, FOX, used for high pressure, sour service and ultra-deep wells.
5. Anti-corrosion Treatment & Quality Control
5.1 Anti-corrosion Treatment
External Anti-corrosion: Zinc-rich epoxy coating, 3PE three-layer polyethylene, FBE fusion bonded epoxy powder, asphalt paint.
Internal Anti-corrosion: Epoxy coating, glass fiber lining, stainless steel composite layer.
5.2 Quality Inspection & Control
Non-destructive Testing: 100% inspection by Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Eddy Current Testing (ET), Magnetic Particle Testing (MT), Radiographic Testing (RT).
Mechanical Performance Test: Tensile test, impact test, hardness test, flattening test and bending test, batch sampling inspection.
Thread Inspection: Inspected by thread gauge for taper, tooth height and standoff distance, full root inspection.
6. Selection Guidelines
By Well Depth: Shallow well (J55/K55), Medium-deep well (N80/L80), Deep well (P110), Ultra-deep well (Q125/V150).
By Corrosive Medium: Non-corrosion (J55/N80), H₂S contained (L80/C90/T95), CO₂ contained (13Cr), high Cl⁻ contained (Nickel-based Alloy).
By Pressure: Low pressure (≤35MPa), Medium pressure (35～70MPa), High pressure (≥70MPa), matched with steel grade and wall thickness.
By Temperature: Normal temperature (≤120℃), Medium temperature (120～180℃), High temperature (≥180℃), adopt heat-resistant steel grade.
7. Packaging & Transportation
Packaging: Pipe end thread protector + steel strip strapping + rainproof cloth; 5～20 pieces per bundle, clearly marked with steel grade, specification, furnace number and batch number.
Transportation: Avoid severe collision, extrusion and sun exposure; fully protect threads, forbid throwing and dropping.
8. After-sales Service
Quality Assurance: Compliant with API and national standards, providing material certificate, flaw detection report and mechanical performance report.
Technical Support: Model selection guidance, thread processing, on-site technical service and failure analysis.
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