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Help CenterCustomized Mechanical Transmission Components: Internal and External Gear Couplings
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Gear couplings consist of an internal gear ring with the same number of teeth and a flanged half-coupling with external teeth. The external teeth come in two types: straight teeth and spherical teeth. Spherical teeth are formed by making the external teeth spherically, with the center of the sphere on the gear axis. The tooth flank clearance is larger than that of ordinary gears. Spherical gear couplings allow for larger angular displacements (compared to straight gear couplings), improving tooth contact conditions, increasing torque transmission capacity, and extending service life. During operation, the two shafts undergo relative displacement, and the tooth surfaces of the internal and external teeth periodically slide axially relative to each other, inevitably leading to tooth surface wear and power loss. Therefore, gear couplings must operate under conditions of good lubrication and sealing.
Gear couplings have small radial dimensions and high load-bearing capacity, and are commonly used in shaft transmissions under low-speed, heavy-load conditions, such as in the metallurgical, mining, and hoisting and transportation industries. They are also suitable for the petroleum, chemical, and general machinery industries. High-precision, dynamically balanced gear couplings can be used for high-speed transmissions, such as the shaft transmissions of gas turbines. Because the angular compensation of drum-shaped gear couplings is greater than that of straight-tooth couplings, drum-shaped gear couplings are widely used both domestically and internationally, while straight-tooth couplings should be avoided as much as possible.
Gear couplings can be divided into three types according to the axial tooth profile of their external gear sleeves: straight-tooth gear couplings, drum-shaped gear couplings, and special drum-shaped gear couplings. Regardless of the type, the internal gear ring and the involute spur gear are the same except for the selection of the tooth clearance coefficient.
The axial tooth blank of the external gear sleeve of a spur gear coupling can be machined into either a straight line or a circular arc, while the pitch circle and root circle are both straight lines. The meshing form of this type of coupling is exactly the same as the meshing of the internal and external teeth of an involute cylindrical gear. The relative displacement between the two shafts is compensated by increasing the tooth flank clearance of the internal and external teeth, but the compensation is limited.
The tooth tip of the external gear sleeve of a drum-shaped gear coupling is machined into a circular arc, meaning the tooth blank is machined into a spherical surface. Within the cross-section tangent to the pitch cylinder surface in the center plane of the tooth, the tooth forms a drum shape, hence the name drum-shaped coupling. Its characteristics are:
1. High load-bearing capacity: Calculated by bending strength, under the same conditions, the torque transmitted is 15-30% higher than that of spur gear couplings.
2. Reasonable structure and reliable performance: Due to the drum-shaped tooth flanks, the contact between the shafts is improved under certain angle conditions, thereby reducing contact stress and eliminating load concentration at the tooth ends of spur gear couplings, i.e., eliminating edge compression and improving working performance.
3. Good compensation performance: The drum-shaped tooth profile of the external gear bushing increases the allowable relative misalignment of the two connected shafts, with a maximum allowable tilt angle of 6 degrees, generally recommended to be 1.5°–2.5°.
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