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Help CenterSteel Sheet & Plate & Steel Sheet Pile，Q295P、Q355P、Q390P、Q420P、Q460P、Q295WP、Q355WP
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1. Product Definition
Steel sheet pile is a special structural section steel with continuous interlocking clutches on both sides. Single piles interlock tightly through clutches to form a continuous watertight & soil-retaining wall, serving as core water-stopping load-bearing steel for foundation pit support, cofferdams, flood protection revetments and port docks.
Steel sheet piles fall into two main categories: hot-rolled steel sheet pile and cold-formed thin-wall steel sheet pile. Hot-rolled piles feature high section stiffness, strong interlock tensile resistance and excellent water tightness, suitable for heavy projects such as deep water, deep foundation pits and permanent hydraulic structures. Cold-formed piles feature low cost and flexible specifications, mainly used for shallow temporary support.
It possesses outstanding advantages including high strength, light self-weight, fast construction speed, small land occupation, reusable after extraction and recyclable eco-friendly property. The sealed interlock delivers stable anti-seepage performance, widely applied in temporary and permanent retaining works for municipal, hydraulic, marine and bridge engineering.
2. Main Applicable Standards
2.1 Domestic Chinese Standards
GB/T 20933-2021 Hot-Rolled Steel Sheet Piles: Core standard for U-type, Z-type and straight-web hot-rolled piles
GB/T 29654-2013 Cold-Formed Steel Sheet Piles
JG/T 196-2018 Steel Sheet Piles (General acceptance code for construction engineering)
GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels (Q235B, Q235C)
GB/T 1591 High-strength low-alloy structural steels (Q355B, Q355C, Q355D)
2.2 International Standards for Export
European Standard EN 10248: Technical delivery conditions for hot-rolled sheet piles; EN 1993-5 Design specification for sheet pile structures
Japanese Standard JIS A5523, JIS A5528 (SP-IV, SP-VL series)
American Standard ASTM A328, A572 Gr50, ASTM A690 (marine corrosion-resistant grade)
Korean Standard KS F4604
3. Complete Product Classification
3.1 Classified by Manufacturing Process
(1) Hot-Rolled Steel Sheet Pile (HRSP, Mainstream for Heavy Engineering)
Integrally formed by high-temperature rolling mill; clutches, web and flange are metallurgically bonded without welded defects. Web thickness ranges 8~24mm, featuring large section modulus, strong bending capacity, high interlock tensile resistance and durable water tightness. Applicable for underwater permanent structures, foundation pits deeper than 10m and port cofferdams.Main series: U-type (Larssen Ⅲ/Ⅳ/Ⅵ), Z-type, straight-web sheet pile, H-beam for composite wall system.
(2) Cold-Formed Thin-Wall Steel Sheet Pile (CRSP, Light Temporary Support)
Roll-bent from hot-rolled strip at ambient temperature, thickness 4~14mm with low production cost and flexible width/length customization. Its interlock strength and water tightness are inferior to hot-rolled piles, only for shallow foundation pits within 6m, temporary trench retaining and short-term simple cofferdams.
3.2 Classified by Cross-Section Shape
(1) U-Type Steel Sheet Pile (Larssen Pile, Most Widely Used)
Symmetric U cross-section with central clutches; assembled wall bears balanced force, easy driving construction and stable anti-seepage performance. Suitable for both temporary foundation pits and medium-small permanent revetments.Common sizes: 400×170, 500×200, 600×210 (PU600); Models FSPⅢ, FSPⅣ, W-IV, W-VI.
(2) Z-Type Steel Sheet Pile (Heavy-Duty Deep Water Special Grade)
Clutches located at both web edges with much higher moment of inertia and section modulus than equal-weight U-piles, superior resistance to lateral soil & water pressure. Wide single width reduces clutch joints and improves anti-seepage effect.Applications: Deep-water docks, ultra-deep foundation pits, large flood dykes, permanent offshore cofferdams.
(3) Straight-Web (Flat) Sheet Pile
Flat web with high-strength symmetric clutches, outstanding tensile capacity, mainly used for circular cellular cofferdams, shafts and closed circular foundation pit support.
(4) Special Fitting Piles
Corner piles, T-joint piles, edge sealing piles, composite wall H-beams for 90° turns, bifurcation and full closure of retaining walls, realizing continuous barrier without breakpoints.
3.3 Classified by Material Strength Grade
Mild Carbon Steel Q235B/Q235CYield strength 235MPa, for shallow foundation pits and short-term municipal trench support with optimal cost performance.
High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Q355B/Q355C/Q355D, S355GP, S390GPYield strength 355MPa, mainstream material for deep foundation pits, deep-water cofferdams, permanent hydraulic and marine projects with qualified low-temperature impact toughness.
Marine Corrosion-Resistant Steel ASTM A690, SMA490Alloy elements added to resist seawater corrosion, adapted to ports, coastal cofferdams and long-term tidal immersion conditions.
Weathering Steel Sheet PileLong-term outdoor exposure for dykes without coating, reducing later maintenance cost.
3.4 Classified by Anti-Corrosion Surface Treatment
As-hot-rolled black finish (basic delivery, on-site anti-corrosion painting)
Hot-dip galvanized sheet pile (zinc coating ≥85μm, long-term anti-corrosion for underwater & coastal service)
Epoxy coal tar pitch coating, polyurethane anti-corrosion coating (severely corrosive river & seawater environments)
Shot blasting pretreatment (improves coating adhesion)
4. Specification Parameter Range
4.1 Dimension Scope
Effective width: Hot rolled 400~700mm; Cold formed 240~750mm
Section height: 100~380mm
Web thickness: Hot rolled 8~24mm; Cold formed 4~14mm
Single length: Standard 6/9/12/15/18/24m; custom fixed lengths & segmented splicing available
4.2 Weight & Section Performance
Single pile theoretical weight: 20~110kg/m; wall surface density 70~220kg/㎡; section modulus 800~4000cm³/m, satisfying lateral load design for different excavation depths.
4.3 Clutch Precision
Hot-rolled clutches feature uniform clearance, smooth driving and tight interlock; zero-leakage cofferdams can be realized with auxiliary rubber sealing strips. Cold-formed clutches have larger tolerance, requiring extra waterproof sealant for deep water applications.
5. Core Technical Performance Advantages
High strength & stiffness for deep water & soil strataIntegral hot-rolled cross-section delivers strong bending and lateral pressure resistance, directly applicable to silt, quicksand and deep water bearing strata, reducing internal bracing quantity and lowering support cost.
Tight interlock for stable water stopContinuous interlocking structure achieves no large-scale water seepage after matching with sealing filler/rubber strips, enabling dry construction for river closure, utility tunnels and deep basement excavation.
Reusable circulation with low comprehensive costPiles can be extracted and recycled with vibratory hammer after project completion, drastically shortening construction period and reducing construction waste compared with cast-in-place diaphragm walls, eco-friendly.
Convenient construction & small land occupationNo large-scale earth excavation required; small piling machines complete driving, featuring prominent advantages in narrow urban roads, old town reconstruction and dense pipeline areas.
Customizable anti-corrosion solutions for all working conditionsMultiple material & coating schemes including carbon steel, HSLA, marine anti-corrosion steel and hot-dip galvanizing, covering inland fresh water, seawater tide and mildly corrosive chemical rivers.
Controllable low-temperature toughnessLow-temperature grades Q355D, S355GP support winter construction in northern regions without brittle fracture during piling at low temperature.
6. Complete Production Process Flow
Steelmaking & Refining: Converter + LF ladle refining + VD vacuum degassing, strictly limiting harmful impurities S & P to improve steel purity
Section Forming from Slab
Hot rolling: High-temperature slab formed into complete U/Z/straight clutch section by dedicated sheet pile rollers in one pass
Cold forming: Hot-rolled strip roll-bent into clutches via multi-pass cold forming
Finishing & Straightening: Straightened by press machine, cut to fixed length, deburred at ends
Optional Surface Treatment: Shot blasting, hot-dip galvanizing, anti-corrosion coating spraying
Full Factory Inspection: Dimensional tolerance, clutch interlock test, tensile & impact mechanical test, visual inspection
Marking, Bundling & Warehousing: Model, material grade, length, heat batch number and standard sprayed on pile ends, Material Test Certificate attached upon delivery
7. Full Industry Application Fields
Municipal & Building ConstructionDeep foundation pit support for basements, utility tunnel trenches, metro station pits, temporary soil retaining for old community renovation.
Water Conservancy & Flood Control EngineeringRiver closure cofferdams, dike reinforcement, flood protection revetments, sluice & pump station anti-seepage walls, temporary water retaining for reservoirs.
Port & Marine EngineeringBerth walls, coastal cofferdams, artificial island enclosure, temporary water stop for channel dredging, offshore wind power foundation cofferdams.
Road & Bridge InfrastructureDeep-water cofferdams for bridge caps, subgrade slope protection, underpass tunnel pits, enclosure for dry construction of river-crossing bridges.
Emergency Temporary WorksFlood emergency water blocking, foundation pit water burst rescue, temporary water stop walls for pipeline maintenance.
Overseas Export ProjectsCoastal ports in Southeast Asia & Middle East, hydraulic cofferdams in Africa, supplied complying with EN, JIS, ASTM international standards.
8. Delivery & Quality Assurance Description
8.1 Attached Delivery Documents
Material Test Certificate (MTC) provided for each batch, including chemical composition, tensile & low-temperature impact mechanical reports and dimensional tolerance records; English MTC, CE/SGS inspection certificates and clutch permeability test reports available for export orders.
8.2 Product Marking
Clear spray marking at pile ends including model, material grade, single length, heat batch number and execution standard for full traceability.
8.3 Packaging & Transportation
Bundled with special steel strips for sections, multi-point fixed for long piles to prevent bending; wrapped with rainproof plastic film, anti-rust packaging supplied for coastal orders, bulk delivery by full truck or sea freight.
8.4 Customization Supporting Service
90° corner piles, T-joints, arbitrary fixed lengths, hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion and matching water stop rubber strips available; semi-finished processing including cutting, beveling and splicing welding can be provided.
9. Summary of Core Product Advantages
Clear process classification: Hot-rolled for heavy permanent works, cold-formed for light temporary support, flexible selection matching budget and working conditions;
Dual advantages of water stop & load bearing: Integral formed clutches plus large section modulus balance anti-seepage and structural safety;
Recyclable eco-friendly construction material: Extractable & reusable, greatly cutting construction waste and long-term cost;
Complete anti-corrosion schemes: Plain black finish, hot-dip galvanizing and special marine anti-corrosion steel adapt inland & marine corrosive environments;
Full coverage of domestic & international standards: Simultaneous supply complying with Chinese national, European, Japanese and American standards, meeting domestic infrastructure and overseas export project demands.
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