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Help CenterTechnical Parameters of Hydraulic Flap Gates and Steel Flap Gates
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Summary of hydraulic flap dam: The hydraulically self-controlled flap gate uses the principle of balance between water force and gate weight, and adds a damping feedback system to achieve the goal that as the upstream water level rises, the gate gradually opens to discharge water; as the upstream water level drops, the gate gradually closes to store water, so that the upstream water level is always maintained within the required range (i.e., the normal upstream water level). For example, the link-roller flap gate is a gate with two fulcrums and a link. It automatically controls the opening and closing of the gate according to the change of the water level in front of the gate, relying on its hydraulic balance. It is a flap gate without impact and flapping during operation. This kind of gate is composed of components such as the gate leaf, support legs, piers, rollers, and links. When the upstream inflow increases and the upstream water level rises, and the moment of the dynamic water pressure on the fulcrum is greater than the moment of the gate weight and frictional resistance on the fulcrum, the gate automatically opens to a certain inclination angle until the moment of the dynamic water pressure on the fulcrum at this inclination angle is equal to the moment of the gate weight on the fulcrum, reaching a new balance under this flow. When the flow remains unchanged, the opening angle also remains unchanged. When the upstream flow decreases to a certain extent, and the moment of the gate weight on the fulcrum is greater than the moment of the dynamic water pressure and frictional resistance on the fulcrum, the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate can automatically close to a certain inclination angle, reaching a new balance under this flow. Therefore, the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate has the characteristics of not requiring hoisting machinery and corresponding facilities, not requiring manual operation, and being completely and automatically controlled by the water flow in a timely manner. Basic principle of the hydraulic flap dam: The link-roller hydraulically self-controlled flap gate is a reinforced concrete flap gate designed based on the balance principle of hydraulics and engineering mechanics. The designed gate opening water level is generally controlled to exceed the gate top by 15 - 20 cm. When the water level exceeds the gate opening water level, the gate changes with the change of the rising speed of the water level in front of the gate (i.e., when starting the gate). The faster the water level rises, the faster the gate opens accordingly, until it reaches the designed opening degree of the gate. When the water level drops, the gate closes with the corresponding speed of the water level drop, until it drops to the designed starting water level (slightly lower) and closes completely. The whole process opens and closes correspondingly with the rise and fall of the water level, without manual or any equipment operation. Its characteristics: It can maintain the designed normal water level and ensure the inflow for the power generation head (the gate has little influence on the water discharge); it also solves the problem of sand flushing in the river channel and the water intake (after the gate is opened, the muddy water is washed away from the bottom of the gate, preventing sediment from entering the water diversion structure and ensuring the integrity of the mechanical equipment). This gate is cost-effective. The investment is only about 60% of that of the conventional gate; the construction is simple, the construction period is short, and the maintenance is convenient. It can reduce the flood control water level, reduce the flood loss, and improve the water head and regulation ability, effectively increasing the economic benefits. Advantages of the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate: 1. It has a unique principle, a delicate function, a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and operates safely. 2. The construction is simple, the cost is reasonable, and the investment is only about 1/2 of that of the conventional gate. 3. It can open and close automatically, accurately control the water level, and has good stability during operation. It is convenient and safe to manage, saving manpower, time, and effort. 4. The gate body is a precast reinforced concrete structure, and only the supporting part is a metal structure. It is convenient to maintain and the cost is low. 5. Since it can accurately and automatically regulate the water level, it has unique advantages in the rational use and utilization of water resources in the current situation of water resource shortage. Applications of the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate: 1. For the spillway of a reservoir: It can automatically adjust the reservoir capacity, give full play to the maximum benefits of the reservoir, and ensure the safety of the reservoir. Practice has proved that its function is beyond the reach of general conventional gates. 2. For a hydropower station: It can obtain the maximum economic benefits according to the local hydrological factors and the installed capacity. 3. For shipping and farmland irrigation: It can automatically adjust the water level to meet the requirements of navigation depth and irrigation water. 4. For urban environmental protection: After storing water, it can improve the urban ecological environment and meet the urban flood control requirements. Comparison of the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate scheme: As a hydraulic structure, the lifting gate and the arc gate have overly complicated opening and closing mechanisms, causing many unnecessary wastes. The main manifestations are that they need to be managed by special personnel, and the flood discharge is not timely enough; too many piers affect the flood discharge, invisibly increasing the additional investment. Compared with the general steel flat gate, the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate with the automatic opening and closing function does not require mechanical and electrical equipment and special personnel to operate the water discharge, and the flood discharge is accurate and timely, saving more manpower and material resources; it completely relies on the rise of the water level and the increase of the water pressure to gradually open the gate to pass water by itself, and keeps the water storage level unchanged; when the gate is fully opened, the riverbed discharge situation is almost the same as that of the natural riverbed. When the water level drops, the gate gradually closes to store water, so it is more convenient to use. In addition, its construction is simple, the cost is low, and the investment is only about 1/2 of that of the conventional gate; its structure is simple, it is easy to manufacture and maintain, and the cost is low, saving more funds. All these advantages are beyond the reach of the steel flat gate. Requirements for the manufacture and installation of the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate: 1. For the reinforced concrete components of the products of Xinhe Riverbank Hydraulic Machinery Factory, there are mainly two methods: (1) Casting on-site near the dam body. The steel and cement are purchased and tested locally. The quality indicators of the concrete are tested by the owner's supervisor to ensure the quality of the reinforced concrete components; (2) Casting in our company and then transporting them to the site for installation. The steel and cement are purchased and tested uniformly by the company, and the quality indicators of the concrete are tested by our company. Our company will provide the test documents issued by an independent third party after the project is completed. 2. When manufacturing the concrete components of the flap gate, it is necessary to ensure that their external dimensions and weights meet the requirements of the drawings and have sufficient strength and stiffness. The formwork erection and embedded parts of the reinforced concrete components are required to be accurate in place. The pouring, vibrating, compacting, and smoothing of the components are required to be formed at one time. 3. The manufacture of the metal components of the flap gate can make the whole gate easy to disassemble and assemble, flexible and convenient. 4. The assembly and other processes of the flap gate are strictly controlled according to the relevant technical and quality standards: The installation of the gate should be straight, flat, well-fitted, and tight (i.e., overall straight and flat, the components fit well, the gaps are reasonable, and the water stop is tight); the installation axis and elevation of the piers, the horizontal spacing, and the verticality of the components themselves are required to be strictly controlled. 5. The metal components are composed of two parts, one is the moving component, and the other is the connecting component. To prevent the corrosion of the metal connectors, our company uses the internationally advanced hot-dip galvanizing process for surface anti-corrosion treatment, which can ensure no corrosion for 20 years. 6. The side and bottom water stop materials of the hydraulically self-controlled flap gate are all made of the special water stop rubber for hydraulic engineering produced by Nanjing Rubber Factory for our company, with quality assurance. In order to obtain a better water stop effect, it is recommended to use granite or equivalent materials as the contact surface for the two sides of the pier and the lower part of the gate plate. 7. In the product installation, our company generally uses large-scale hoisting equipment to ensure the safety of the construction. The company currently has more than 100 professional technical construction personnel with rich on-site construction and management experience, which can ensure the timely and high-quality completion of the installation task. 8. After the project is completed, the company will issue a certificate of conformity. On-site construction pictures of the hydraulic flap dam:
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