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Help CenterSteel Rebar & Deformed Steel Bar / Rebar，HRBF400、HRBF400E、HRBF500、HRBF500E
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1. Product Definition & Core Overview
Deformed steel bar, fully named hot-rolled ribbed steel bar, is a special hot-rolled section steel exclusively used for reinforced concrete structures. Its surface features uniform and regular spiral or herringbone transverse ribs. Strong mechanical bonding force is formed between the steel bar and concrete, effectively preventing steel bar slippage and falling off, and significantly improving the overall tensile, seismic and compressive performance of building structures.
Adopting microalloying refining technology and integrated controlled rolling and controlled cooling production, deformed steel bars feature uniform and stable metallographic structure, high strength, excellent toughness, superior weldability, outstanding fatigue resistance, tensile resistance and ductility. It serves as the core load-bearing material for building construction, bridges, tunnels, airports, high-speed railways, water conservancy and municipal infrastructure projects, and is the most widely used construction steel in China.
Currently, the latest mandatory national standard GB 1499.2-2024 is fully implemented nationwide, replacing the 2018 version. It achieves comprehensive upgrades in impurity control, elongation, yield-to-tensile ratio, seismic indicators and dimensional accuracy, delivering higher structural safety.
2. Executive Standards
2.1 Chinese National Standards
GB 1499.2-2024 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete – Part 2: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (latest mandatory national standard)
GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels
GB/T 2101 General standard for section steel acceptance, packaging, marking and quality certificates
2.2 International General Standards
ISO 6935-2 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Ribbed bars
BS 4449 British standard for carbon steel reinforcement bars for concrete
ASTM A615 Standard specification for deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement
JIS G3112 Japanese standard for steel bars for concrete reinforcement
3. Product Grades & Classification
3.1 Normal Strength Deformed Bar (General Engineering)
HRB400 (Grade 3 Steel): The mainstream grade in the market with balanced strength, toughness and weldability. Suitable for ordinary residential buildings, factories, general municipal structures, secondary beams, columns and floor slab reinforcement.
HRB500 (Grade 4 Steel): High-strength and cost-effective construction material with higher bearing capacity. It effectively reduces reinforcement quantity and structural self-weight, widely used for the main structures of high-rise and long-span buildings.
3.2 Seismic-Resistant Deformed Bar (Mandatory for Key Projects)
The suffix "E" indicates seismic-resistant steel bars, which meet three core seismic indicators:yield-to-tensile strength ratio, over-yield ratio, and total elongation at maximum force. They are applicable to seismic fortification areas, high-rise buildings, bridges, tunnels, airports, hospitals, schools and other key seismic-resistant structures.
HRB400E: The most widely used seismic reinforcement for domestic infrastructure and standard material for national standard and bidding projects.
HRB500E: High-grade seismic steel bar, specially used for super high-rise buildings, long-span heavy-load structures and large-scale infrastructure projects.
3.3 Ultra-High Strength Deformed Bar
HRB600 (Grade 6 High-Strength Steel): Ultra-high strength construction steel bar, suitable for super high-rise buildings, large venues, long-span bridges and special heavy-load projects, realizing refined low-reinforcement and high-safety structural design.
3.4 Classification by Production Process & Characteristics
Conventional Hot-Rolled Deformed Bar: Universal for general projects with high cost performance and stable supply.
Ultra-Fine Grain Microalloyed Deformed Bar: Features finer grains, higher toughness and excellent aging resistance, fully complying with the upgrade requirements of the 2024 new national standard.
4. Specification Range
4.1 Nominal Diameter
Φ6, Φ8, Φ10, Φ12, Φ14, Φ16, Φ18, Φ20, Φ22, Φ25, Φ28, Φ32, Φ36, Φ40, Φ50
Specification explanation: Φ6–Φ10 are mainly supplied in coil; Φ12–Φ50 are supplied in fixed-length straight bars.
4.2 Standard Length
National standard fixed length: 9m, 12m
Customizable length: 6m, 8m, 15m, 18m; customized cutting and processing available
4.3 Dimensional & Appearance Standards
Full and uniform rib shape with clear transverse ribs, no missing ribs, surface spalling or folding cracks.
Inner diameter, rib height and rib spacing strictly comply with 2024 new national standard tolerances with controllable negative deviation, meeting both weighed and theoretical weight standards.
Flat bar ends without burrs or bending; no rust peeling, scars, delamination or other harmful defects.
5. Core Mechanical Properties (GB 1499.2-2024 New Standard)
All E-grade seismic steel bars must meet the criteria: yield-to-tensile ratio ≥1.25, over-yield ratio ≤1.30, total elongation at maximum force (Agt) ≥9.0%, eliminating risks of structural brittle fracture and earthquake collapse.
Grade |
Yield Strength ReL (MPa) Min |
Tensile Strength Rm (MPa) Min |
Elongation After Fracture |
Total Elongation Agt Min |
Application Scenarios |
HRB400 / HRB400E |
400 |
540 |
≥16% |
9.0% |
Main material for civil, municipal, bridge and seismic projects |
HRB500 / HRB500E |
500 |
630 |
≥15% |
9.0% |
High-rise, long-span and heavy-load key projects |
HRB600 |
600 |
730 |
≥14% |
9.0% |
Super high-rise buildings and special large-scale structures |
6. Production Process Flow
High-quality molten steel refining → Converter / electric furnace steelmaking → LF furnace refining and composition fine adjustment (strict control of S and P harmful impurities) → Continuous casting square billet → Uniform heating in walking-beam furnace → High-pressure water descaling → Multi-pass continuous precision rolling → Online temperature-controlled water cooling → Waste heat self-tempering for grain refinement → Uniform cooling on cooling bed → Fixed-length cutting → End flattening and polishing → Online dimensional & appearance inspection → Mechanical performance sampling re-inspection → Marking, bundling, weighing and warehousing
The new standard process strictly controls microalloy proportion and controlled rolling & cooling parameters, achieving dense and uniform internal grains. The steel bars deliver superior strength, toughness and seismic stability compared with traditional products, fully meeting the strict acceptance requirements of the 2024 new standard.
7. Core Product Advantages
High Quality & Full Compliance with New StandardsManufactured in strict accordance with GB 1499.2-2024 latest standard with lower impurity content, higher elongation and stricter seismic indicators, achieving 100% compliance for project bidding and quality inspection acceptance.
Superior Bonding Force & Structural StabilityRegular three-dimensional transverse ribs form tight occlusion with concrete, preventing sliding and cracking and greatly improving the overall tensile, crack-resistant and seismic performance of concrete structures.
Excellent Seismic Performance & High Safety FactorE-grade seismic steel bars meet standard ratios and elongation indicators, resisting brittle fracture and collapse under seismic load, ideal for projects in high-intensity seismic fortification areas.
Excellent Welding, Binding & MachinabilityModerate carbon equivalent supports lap welding, butt welding, electroslag pressure welding and mechanical connection without welding cracks, ensuring extremely low construction rework rate.
Accurate Dimension & Stable Negative ToleranceFull rib profile, standard inner diameter and precise theoretical weight, complying with both weighed and theoretical weight settlement standards with controllable material loss and high cost performance.
Strong Weather Resistance & Long Service LifePure material and stable microstructure provide excellent corrosion resistance, aging resistance and fatigue resistance under concrete wrapping, supporting over 50 years of service life for building structures.
Full-Size Stock & Flexible CustomizationComplete diameter and length range available in stock, supporting customized fixed-length cutting, bending, threading and reinforcement cage processing.
8. Main Application Fields
Building Construction: Reinforcement for beams, columns, floor slabs, shear walls, foundation bearing platforms and ground beams of high-rise residences, office buildings, factories and commercial complexes.
Traffic Infrastructure: Structural reinforcement for expressways, bridges, tunnels, culverts, airport runways, high-speed railway stations and rail transit projects.
Water Conservancy & Municipal Engineering: Reservoir dams, river slope protection, pipe network projects, urban interchanges, pedestrian bridges and civil air defense projects.
Key Seismic-Resistant Projects: Schools, hospitals, public venues, super high-rise buildings and infrastructure in high-intensity seismic areas.
Special Engineering: Large-scale equipment foundations, heavy-duty floors, port terminals and composite steel-concrete structures.
9. Construction & Usage Specifications
HRB400E / HRB500E seismic steel bars are mandatory for key seismic-grade projects; ordinary steel bars are prohibited from replacing seismic bars.
Reinforcement lap length, anchorage length, spacing and protective layer thickness shall be constructed strictly in accordance with structural drawings and specifications to avoid reduced material usage.
Matching special welding electrodes and fluxes shall be adopted for welding; overheating and base metal burning are prohibited to prevent mechanical performance attenuation.
Steel bars shall be stacked with height support, rainproof and moistureproof measures to avoid long-term open-air rusting which affects bonding force and project quality.
Unqualified steel bars with severe bending, cracks, excessive rust or defective ribs are prohibited from blanking and construction.
The construction of high-strength HRB500 / HRB600 steel bars shall adopt corresponding anchorage and lap specifications; ordinary Grade 3 steel parameters shall not be applied.
10. Packaging, Quality Assurance & Customization Services
10.1 Standard Packaging
National standard fixed-length straight bars are uniformly bundled with clear marking and unique heat batch numbers. End protection and tight bundling prevent bending and collision deformation during transportation. Wire rods are professionally coiled and moisture-proof filmed for long-distance transportation and warehouse storage. Exclusive waterproof and rust-proof marine packaging is available for export orders.
10.2 Complete Quality Assurance Documents
Full set of original documents are provided, including factory quality certificate, chemical composition report, mechanical property test report, seismic indicator test data, factory qualification certificate and batch traceability documents. Third-party SGS and BV inspection is supported to meet domestic project acceptance and overseas export customs clearance requirements.
10.3 Custom Processing Services
Custom special fixed lengths and non-standard specifications are available. One-stop deep processing services including steel bar cutting, bending, hooking, threading, rolling thread, straight thread connection and reinforcement cage forming are provided to meet prefabricated construction requirements of construction sites.
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