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Help CenterSteel Wire & GB Standard Steel Wire，45#/50#/65#/70#/80#、SWRH45A/SWRH50A
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Steel Rebar & Deformed Steel Bar，HRB335、HRB400/HRB400E、HRB500/HRB500ENegotiableMOQ: 5 Metric Tons
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I. Core Classification (GB/T 341-2008)
1. By Cross-Section Shape
Round: The most versatile type, widely used for binding, wire mesh fabrication and spring production.
Special-shaped: Including square, rectangular, triangular, elliptical, flat, trapezoidal, Z-shape and other profiles to meet special structural application requirements.
Prestressed Special Type: Plain (P), spiral ribbed, and indented (double-sided, three-sided, four-sided indentation).
2. By Diameter Size
Ultra-fine: ＜0.1mm (for precision industry and textile applications)
Superfine: 0.1–0.5mm (for electronic components and weaving)
Fine: 0.5–1.5mm (for daily supplies and wire mesh)
Medium: 1.5–3.0mm (for construction binding and nail making)
Thick: 3.0–6.0mm (for prestressed engineering and springs)
Extra-thick: 6.0–8.0mm (for steel wire ropes and bridge engineering)
Super-thick: ＞8.0mm (for heavy machinery and mining equipment)
3. By Tensile Strength (MPa)
Low strength: ＜390MPa (soft texture, easy to bend and process)
Medium-low strength: 390–785MPa (for ordinary binding and packaging)
Medium strength: 785–1225MPa (for construction and wire mesh products)
Medium-high strength: 1225–1960MPa (for springs and prestressed structures)
High strength: 1960–3135MPa (for steel wire ropes and tire cords)
Ultra-high strength: ＞3135MPa (for aviation and high-end mechanical equipment)
4. By Material
Mild Steel (Q195/Q215/Q235): Soft and easy to process, suitable for binding wire, nail making and welded wire mesh.
High Carbon Steel (45#/50#/65#/70#/80#, SWRH45A/SWRH50A): Featuring high strength and excellent elasticity, applied for springs, steel wire ropes and prestressed steel components.
Alloy Steel: Contains Mn, Si, Cr and other alloy elements, with superior wear resistance and fatigue resistance, used for high-end springs, bearings and automotive parts.
5. By Surface Treatment
Plain Finish: Original cold-drawn surface with low cost, applicable for dry indoor environments.
Hot-dip Galvanized: Thick zinc layer (≥85μm) with outstanding anti-corrosion performance, ideal for outdoor facilities, guardrails and breeding mesh.
Electro-galvanized: Thin and uniform zinc layer (5–30μm) with smooth and beautiful surface, for electronic products, daily supplies and mild anti-corrosion scenarios.
Copper/Nickel Plated: Good conductivity and wear resistance, suitable for welding materials, cables and precision parts.
PVC/PE Coated: Insulating, acid and alkali resistant, used for chemical industry equipment and swimming pool fences.
6. By Application
Construction Engineering: Binding wire, welded wire mesh, prestressed steel wire, steel strand, guardrail mesh.
Industrial Manufacturing: Springs (automotive, mechanical, furniture), steel wire ropes (hoisting, mining, bridge), nails, screws, welding rods, tire cords.
Agriculture & Horticulture: Greenhouse frames, grape trellises, orchard fences, horticultural binding.
Power & Communication: Overhead lines, communication lines, lightning rods, cable shielding layers.
Medical & Daily Use: Suture wire, orthodontic wire, medical stents, clothes hangers, mesh baskets, stationery (paper clips, staples).
II. Production Process
1. Raw Material: Hot-rolled wire rods (φ5.5–φ14mm), selected from mild steel, high carbon steel or alloy steel according to application requirements.
2. Pickling & Phosphating: Remove surface oxide scale and form a phosphating lubrication film to facilitate subsequent wire drawing.
3. Cold Drawing: Conduct multi-pass drawing at room temperature through precision dies to improve wire strength, dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness until reaching the target diameter.
4. Heat Treatment:
- Annealing: Soften the steel wire and enhance ductility for binding wire and flexible processing scenarios.
- Patenting: Balance strength and toughness of high carbon steel wire for springs and steel wire ropes.
- Stabilization Treatment: Achieve low relaxation (WLR) performance for prestressed steel wire.
5. Surface Treatment: Conduct galvanizing, copper plating, plastic coating and other surface anti-corrosion & functional treatments.
6. Winding & Packaging: Finished products are supplied in coils (25–200kg/coil) or straight bundles (50–100 pieces/bundle). Each batch is labeled with specifications, material, strength grade, surface treatment, batch number and execution standard.
III. Core Performance Indicators
- Tensile Strength (σb): Measured in MPa, the core indicator that determines the load-bearing capacity of steel wire.
- Yield Strength (σs): Critical point of plastic deformation, a key monitoring indicator for prestressed steel wire.
- Elongation (δ): Elongation rate before fracture; construction steel wire requires ≥15% to ensure good toughness.
- Reduction of Area (ψ): Plasticity indicator; higher value means better processing performance.
- Hardness (HV/HRC): Reflects wear resistance and deformation resistance, crucial for spring and wear-resistant parts.
- Bending & Wrapping Test: Used to verify wire toughness; qualified products show no cracks after repeated bending and wrapping.
- Salt Spray Test: Evaluate anti-corrosion performance, a mandatory test for galvanized and plastic-coated steel wire.
IV. Common Specifications & Theoretical Weight
Theoretical Weight Formula (kg/m) = 0.00617 × d² (d = wire diameter in mm, steel density: 7.85g/cm³)
Specification Examples:
- φ2.0mm: 0.0247kg/m
- φ3.0mm: 0.0555kg/m
- φ4.0mm: 0.0986kg/m
- φ5.0mm: 0.154kg/m
- φ6.0mm: 0.222kg/m
V. Execution Standards
-General Standard: GB/T 341-2008 (Steel wire classification and terminology), GB/T 4357-2009 (Cold-drawn carbon steel wire)
- Construction Standard: GB/T 5223-2025 (Prestressed concrete steel wire), GB/T 1499.3-2010 (Cold-drawn low-carbon steel wire)
- Spring Steel Standard: GB/T 4358-2017 (Spring steel wire)
-Galvanized Wire Standard: GB/T 15393-1994 (Galvanized steel wire)
VI. Selection Guidelines
-Indoor Binding & Nail Making: Select mild steel electro-galvanized/plain wire (φ1.5–3.0mm).
- Outdoor Guardrail & Breeding Facilities: Select mild steel hot-dip galvanized wire (φ2.5–4.0mm).
- Springs & High-elasticity Components: Select high carbon steel patented wire (φ2.0–5.0mm, strength: 1225–1960MPa).
- Prestressed Concrete Engineering: Select high carbon steel low-relaxation (WLR) plain/spiral ribbed wire (φ4.0–7.0mm, strength ≥1860MPa).
- Corrosive Environment Application: Select hot-dip galvanized + plastic coated steel wire.
VII. Packaging, Storage & Transportation
- Packaging: Coiled products are strapped with steel/plastic belts; straight wires are protected at both ends and wrapped with moisture-proof films.
- Storage: Store in dry and ventilated warehouses, keep away from rain, moisture and acid-base corrosive substances; place goods off the ground to avoid rusting caused by ground moisture.
- Transportation: Handle with care to avoid collision and extrusion; prohibit mixed transportation with acid, alkali and corrosive materials.
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