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Detailed Product Description of Deformed Steel Bar
1. Product Definition
Deformed steel bar is fully named Hot-rolled Ribbed Bar (HRB). It is round in cross-section with two longitudinal ribs and evenly distributed transverse ribs on the surface, shaped like threads. It is the core load-bearing material for reinforced concrete structures.
2. Executive Standards
National Current Standard: GB 1499.2-2024 (Mandatory, implemented on September 25, 2024)
Replaced Standard: GB/T 1499.2-2018 (Recommended)
3. Grade and Strength Level
Classified by the characteristic value of yield strength, the meaning of grade is as follows:
HRB400: Yield strength ≥ 400 MPa (Most commonly used)
HRB500: Yield strength ≥ 500 MPa (High strength and material saving)
HRB600: Yield strength ≥ 600 MPa (Ultra-high strength)
Suffix E: Seismic Reinforcing Bar (e.g. HRB400E), applied in seismic fortification areas
4. Specification and Dimension (Nominal Diameter)
Common Diameter: 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 25mm, 32mm
Standard Range: 6mm～50mm
Fixed Length: 9m, 12m (Conventional), customized multiple length available
Theoretical Weight (kg/m):
φ12: 0.888
φ16: 1.580
φ20: 2.466
φ25: 3.850
φ32: 6.310
5. Chemical Composition (Typical, wt%)
| Element | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRB400 | 0.25～0.30 | 0.40～0.60 | 1.20～1.50 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.045 |
6. Mechanical Properties (Minimum Value)
| Grade | Yield Strength ReL (MPa) | Tensile Strength Rm (MPa) | Elongation After Fracture A (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| HRB400 | 400 | 540 | 16 |
| HRB500 | 500 | 630 | 15 |
7. Appearance Characteristics
Surface: No cracks, scars or folds; clear and uniform rib lines without dislocation.
Marking: Size, grade, factory logo and the last three digits of production license are rolled on the bar body.
Packing: Bundled (about 2 tons per bundle), firmly tied with clear nameplates.
8. Production Process
Steelmaking: Blast furnace hot metal → Converter/Electric Furnace → Ladle Refining → Qualified Steel Billet
Rolling: Steel billet heated above 1100℃ → Rough Rolling → Intermediate Rolling → Finish Rolling → Ribbed Forming
Cooling: Natural cooling or water penetration cooling (thermo-mechanical treatment) → Fixed length cutting → Inspection → Packaging
9. Main Features
Strong Adhesion: Ribs greatly improve the occlusal force with concrete to prevent sliding.
High Strength: Tensile and yield strength are much better than plain round steel bar with strong bearing capacity.
Good Plasticity: Elongation meets the standard with excellent seismic and impact resistance.
Good Weldability: Convenient on-site welding to ensure the integrity of the structure.
Cost-effective: HRB400 has the highest comprehensive cost performance; HRB500 can reduce usage and lower self-weight.
10. Application Scope
Building Construction: Beams, columns, slabs, foundations, shear walls (mainly φ12～25mm)
Municipal & Bridge Engineering: Bridge piers, bearing platforms, box girders, guardrails (mainly φ25～32mm)
Water Conservancy & Tunnel Engineering: Dams, culverts, supporting structures
Seismic Engineering: HRB400E/HRB500E are preferred.
11. Quality Acceptance Key Points
Appearance: Surface quality, rib lines and dimensional deviation comply with GB 1499.2-2024.
Weight Deviation:
6～12mm: ±5.5%
14～20mm: ±4.5%
22～50mm: ±3.5%
Mechanical Test: Yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and cold bending test are qualified.
Marking & Quality Certificate: Complete furnace batch number, grade, specification and factory logo with traceability.
12. Storage and Transportation
Storage: Keep dry and ventilated, rain and moisture proof; stack with padding to avoid rust and deformation.
Transportation: Firmly bound by vehicle and ship to prevent bending and collision; avoid mixed batch stacking.
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