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Help CenterSteel Pipe & Tube & Precision Steel Pipe，10# / 20#、45#、16Mn(Q345)、40Cr / 42CrMo
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Precision Steel Pipe Product Detailed Description
1. Product Definition
Precision steel pipes are high-precision pipes manufactured by cold drawing / cold rolling process. They feature micron-level dimensional accuracy, smooth inner and outer walls without oxide layers, and can be directly used in high-pressure and sealing scenarios. They are divided into precision seamless steel pipes and precision welded steel pipes, with precision seamless steel pipes as the mainstream.
2. Executive Standards
GB/T 3639-2021: Cold drawn / Cold rolled Precision Seamless Steel Pipe (Core Standard)
GB/T 8162-2018: Seamless Steel Pipe for Structural Purpose
GB/T 8163-2018: Seamless Steel Pipe for Fluid Transportation
DIN 2391, EN 10305: International Precision Pipe Standards
3. Material & Chemical Composition (Common Grades)
| Material Grade | Main Chemical Composition (%) | Characteristics & Application |
|---|---|---|
| 10# / 20# | C:0.07~0.23; Si:0.17~0.37; Mn:0.35~0.65 | Low carbon steel with good plasticity; used for general machinery and fluid pipelines |
| 45# | C:0.42~0.50 | Medium carbon steel with high strength after quenching and tempering; used for shaft parts and mold ejector pins |
| 16Mn(Q345) | C≤0.20; Mn:1.20~1.60 | Low-alloy high-strength steel; applied in structural parts and engineering machinery |
| 40Cr / 42CrMo | Cr:0.80~1.10; Mo:0.15~0.25 | Alloy steel with excellent hardenability; used for hydraulic cylinder tubes and heavy-load shafts |
4. Specification Range (Custom Available)
Outer Diameter: 4mm–120mm (Common: 6mm–80mm)
Wall Thickness: 0.5mm–16mm (Common: 1mm–10mm)
Length: 2m–6m (Fixed length / Multiple length optional)
Precision Grade:
Standard Grade: Outer diameter tolerance ±0.10mm, wall thickness ±10%
High Precision Grade: Outer diameter tolerance ±0.05mm, wall thickness ±8% (Mainstream)
Surface Roughness: Inner wall Ra≤0.4μm, Outer wall Ra≤0.8μm
5. Production Process
Pipe Billet Preparation: Hot rolled seamless pipe / welded pipe billet → Pickling / Phosphating / Saponification (lubrication)
Cold Drawing / Cold Rolling:
Cold Drawing: Single-pass drawing, suitable for small batch and simple section
Cold Rolling: Three-roll / multi-roll rolling with refined grain structure and higher precision (Mainstream)
Heat Treatment: Vacuum annealing / Bright annealing (stress relief, structure softening, non-oxidation)
Finishing: Straightening, fixed-length cutting, internal & external polishing, non-destructive testing (Eddy current / Ultrasonic)
Packing: Anti-rust oil + Moisture-proof film + Woven bag (Both ends sealed for dust prevention)
6. Core Features
Ultra-high Precision: Outer diameter tolerance ±0.05mm, good dimensional consistency and interchangeability
Superior Surface Finish: No oxide layer, cracks or pitting on inner and outer walls; inner wall Ra≤0.4μm, no secondary processing required for hydraulic system use
Excellent Mechanical Properties:Tensile Strength: 400MPa–1200MPa (adjustable by material and heat treatment)No deformation after cold bending, no crack after flaring & flattening; no leakage under pressure ≥10MPa
Cost Saving: Material utilization increased by 15%–30% compared with ordinary steel pipes, reducing machining time and overall cost
7. Main Application Fields
Hydraulic & Pneumatic System: Hydraulic cylinder tube, air cylinder tube, high-pressure oil pipe
Automobile Manufacturing: Steering sleeve, shock absorber pipe, drive shaft, fuel injection pipe
Precision Machinery: Machine tool spindle, bearing sleeve, linear guide, instrument pipe
Aerospace: Hydraulic pipeline and structural support parts
Medical Equipment: Needle tube, catheter, endoscopic components
Fluid Transportation: High-purity gas, hydraulic oil and chemical medium pipeline
8. Delivery Condition & Surface Treatment
Delivery Condition: Annealed (soft state, easy processing), Cold finished (hard state, high strength), Bright annealed (non-oxidation & bright surface)
Surface Treatment:Standard: Anti-rust oil coatingOptional: Pickling & passivation, Galvanizing, Chromium plating, Inner wall super polishing (Ra≤0.2μm)
9. Quality Inspection
Dimensional Inspection: Outer diameter, wall thickness, length, straightness
Surface Inspection: Visual inspection + Endoscope inspection
Mechanical Property Test: Tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness (HB/HRC)
Non-destructive Testing: Eddy current testing (surface defects), Ultrasonic testing (internal defects)
Pressure Test: Hydrostatic / Pneumatic pressure test, 1.5 times design pressure holding without leakage
10. Advantage Comparison: Precision Steel Pipe vs Ordinary Seamless Steel Pipe
| Item | Precision Steel Pipe | Ordinary Seamless Steel Pipe |
|---|---|---|
| Dimensional Tolerance | ±0.05mm (High Precision) | ±0.1~0.5mm |
| Surface Roughness | Inner wall Ra≤0.4μm | Ra≥1.6μm with oxide layer |
| Pressure Resistance | ≥10MPa, No leakage | ≤5MPa, Easy leakage |
| Machining Allowance | 0.1mm–0.3mm (Little cutting) | 1mm–3mm (Heavy machining) |
| Comprehensive Cost | Higher unit price, lower overall cost | Lower unit price, high subsequent processing cost |
11. Selection Suggestion
By Precision Requirement: Choose high precision grade ±0.05mm for hydraulic & sealing occasions; standard grade for common structure
By Material:General machinery: 20# / 45#High pressure & heavy load: 40Cr / 42CrMo
By Specification: Prefer conventional sizes for faster delivery
By Surface: Bright annealing + inner wall polishing recommended for hydraulic system
12. Packing & Delivery
Packing: Plastic end caps → Moisture-proof film wrapping → Woven bag / Wooden case
Transportation: Truck / Railway transportation, avoid rain, sunlight and violent collision
Delivery Time: Conventional specifications 5-7 working days
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