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Scallop
Scallop Screens-Catalytic reforming reactor internals
The scallop screen design exhibits adequate resistance to buckling in the presence of longitudinally directed stresses combined with good flexibility in the presence of radially directed stresses.
These characteristics of the scallops thus provide an improved radial flow reactor suitable for numerous applications and especially for the catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons.
Description
Scallops form an outer slit screen in radial flow reactors. These devices are located along the inner vessel surface.
Scallops are installed inside vertical reactors and distribute or collect the flow.
Scallops hold the packing, collect and direct the flow.
The center pipes, which collect the gas after the reaction.
The outer surface of the scallop contacts the catalyst. Depending on the project's requirements, it can be made of triangular wire or of perforated metal.
The profile wire screen is best suited for segregating catalysts from feed and product streams in heterogeneous catalytic reactions, adsorption, or treatment operations. Effective separation of the catalyst occurs when the perforation size, or distance separating adjacent profile wires, is kept small enough to prevent migration of the particles into the interior of the conduits. The profile wire screen is furthermore designed to be resistant to catalyst particle plugging.
A reforming reaction section often employs scallops for gas distribution. Many reforming sections operate with the continuous addition and withdrawal of catalyst particles through a series of radial flow reactors.
Design features
Large screen area, minimal hydraulic resistance
Gaps between scallops to compensate the thermal expansion
The usage of a slit screen stops catalyst leakage and excludes clogging of slots due to the usage of triangular wire
Strict control of verticality, straightness and torsion tolerances
Advantages
Higher surface area than the traditional outer screen
Easy installation and repair due to individual screens
Can be held in stock as spare parts
Applications
Platforming
Reforming
Ammonia synthesis
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