RO ion exchange system water treatment machine

Ion exchange is widely used in the food & beverage, hydrometallurgy, metals finishing, chemical & petrochemical, pharmaceutical, sugar & sweeteners, ground & potable water, nuclear, softening & industrial water, semiconductor, power, and a host of other industries.

Ion exchanges can be unselective or have binding preferences for certain ions or classes of ions, depending on their chemical structure. This can be dependent on the size of the ions, their charge, or their structure. Typical examples of ions that can bind to ion exchangers are:

H+ (proton) and OH− (hydroxide)
Single-charged monatomic ions like Na+, K+, and Cl−
Double-charged monatomic ions like Ca2+ and Mg2+
Polyatomic inorganic ions like SO42− and PO43−
Organic bases, usually molecules containing the amine functional group -NR2H+
Organic acids, often molecules containing -COO− (carboxylic acid) functional groups
Biomolecules that can be ionized: amino acids, peptides, proteins, etc.
Along with absorption and adsorption, ion exchange is a form of sorption.

Ion exchange is a reversible process and the ion exchanger can be regenerated or loaded with desirable ions by washing with an excess of these ions.

RO ion exchange system water treatment machine