1. Introduction of optical moduleAs an important part of fiber optic communication, optical module is an optoelectronic device that realizes the function of photoelectric conversion and electro-optical conversion. To be precise, optical module is the general name of several types of modules, including optical transmitting module transmitter, optical receiving module receiver, optical transceiver module transmitter and optical forwarding module transmitter. Generally, the optical module we call generally refers to the integrated optical transceiver module, namely, optical transceiver. ① Working principle of optical transceiver Optical transceiver works in the physical layer of OSI model and is one of the core devices in optical fiber communication system. It is mainly composed of optoelectronic devices (optical transmitter, optical receiver), functional circuit and optical (Electrical) interface. Components of an optical transceiver Basic principle: the transmitting interface inputs an electrical signal with a certain code rate. After being processed by the internal driving chip, the driving semiconductor laser (LD) or light emitting diode (LED) emits a modulated optical signal with a corresponding rate. After being transmitted through the optical fiber, the receiving interface converts the optical signal from the optical detection diode into an electrical signal, After passing through the preamplifier, the electrical signal of the corresponding code rate is output. ② Key parameters of optical transceiver The key technical indicators of the optical transceiver mainly include: transmitting optical power, receiving optical power, overload optical power, maximum receiving sensitivity and extinction ratio. A. Transmitting optical power: refers to the optical power output by the light source at the transmitting end of the optical module under normal working conditions, which can be understood as the intensity of light, and the unit is w or MW or DBM. Where w or MW is the linear unit and DBM is the logarithmic unit. In communication, we usually use DBM to represent optical power, and the optical power of 0dbm corresponds to 1MW.B. Receiving optical power: refers to the average optical power range that can be received by the receiving end component under the condition of a certain bit error rate (BER = 10-12). The upper limit value is the overload optical power, and the lower limit value is the maximum value of reception sensitivity.C. Overload optical power: also known as saturated optical power, it refers to the maximum input average optical power that can be received by the receiver component when a certain bit error rate (BER = 10-12) is maintained at a certain transmission rate (unit: DBM). It should be noted that the photocurrent saturation of the photodetector will occur under strong light irradiation. Therefore, strong light irradiation should be avoided as far as possible to prevent exceeding the saturated light power.D. Receiving sensitivity: refers to the minimum average input optical power that can be received by the receiving end component when a certain bit error rate (BER = 10-12) is maintained at a certain transmission rate (unit: DBM). Generally, the higher the rate, the worse the reception sensitivity, that is, the greater the minimum received optical power, and the higher the requirements for the receiving devices of the optical transceiver.E. Extinction ratio (EXT): it is one of the important parameters used to measure the quality of optical modules. It refers to the ratio of the optical power P1 (when the laser emits all "1" codes) to P0 (when the laser emits all "0" codes) under the condition of full modulation, and the unit is dB. It is not that the greater the extinction ratio, the better the quality of the optical module, but that the optical module with an extinction ratio can meet the IEEE 802.3 standard is the better. ③ Example of optical transceiver information on the switch: Cisco switch interface optical transceiver information: Huawei switch interface optical transceiver information:2. Classification and packaging(form-factor) of optical transceivers ① Transmission rate: The current common types of optical modules are as follows:400GE optical module200GE optical module100GE optical module40GE optical module25GE Optical Module10GE Optical ModuleGE Optical ModuleFE Optical Module ② Form-factors: The higher the transmission rate, the more complex the structure, resulting in form-factors. For example, SFP/eSFP, SFP+, SFP28, QSFP+, CXP, CFP, QSFP28, etc. l SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable) optical module: small pluggable SFP module supports LC fiber connector.l SFP + (Small Form-factor Pluggable plus) optical module: refers to the SFP module with increased rate. Because of the increased rate, it is sensitive to EMI and smaller than the SFP module.l XFP (10GB Small Form-factor Pluggable) optical module: "X" is the abbreviation of Roman numeral 10. All XFP modules are 10GE optical modules. The XFP optical module supports LC optical fiber connectors. Compared with SFP + optical module, XFP optical module is wider and longer in size.l SFP28 (Small Form-factor Pluggable 28) optical module: the interface package size is the same as that of SFP +, and supports 25G SFP28 optical module and 10G SFP + optical module.l QSFP+ (Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable) optical module: four channel small hot pluggable optical module. QSFP + optical module supports MPO optical fiber connector, which is larger than SFP + optical module. Fiber Mall 40G QSFP+ Optical Transceivers l CXP (120 GB/s Extended Capability Form-factor Pluggable) optical module: it is a hot-pluggable high-density parallel optical module standard. It provides 12 channels in the transmit and receive (TX / Rx) directions. It is only applicable to short-range multimode links.l CFP (CENTUM Form-factor pluggable) optical module: the size is defined as 144.75mm × 82mm × 13.6mm, which is a new optical module standard with high speed, hot-pluggable and supporting two applications of data communication and telecommunication transmission.l QSFP28 (Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable 28) optical module: the interface package size is the same as QSFP+, and supports 100G QSFP28 optical module and 40G QSFP+ optical module. ③ Single-mode or muti-mode? The optical fiber is divided into single-mode optical fiber and multi-mode optical fiber. The single-mode optical module is used together with the single-mode optical fiber. The single-mode optical fiber has wide transmission frequency bandwidth and large transmission capacity, which is suitable for long-distance transmission; The multi-mode optical module is used together with multi-mode optical fiber, and multi-mode optical fiber has mode dispersion defect, and its transmission performance is worse than that of single-mode optical fiber, but the cost is low. Therefore, it is suitable for small capacity and short-distance transmission. ④ Wavelength The central wavelength refers to the waveband used for optical signal transmission. At present, there are three kinds of common central wavelengths: 850nm, 1310nm and 1550nm.850nm: mostly used for short distance transmission (≤ 2km)1310nm and 1550nm: mostly used for medium and long distance transmission (>2km) ⑤ Transmission distance According to the different transmission distance of optical module, it can be divided into:Short distance optical module: ≤ 2kmMedium distance optical module, 10 ~ 20kmLong distance optical module: ≥30km.The transmission distance of optical modules is limited mainly because of the loss and dispersion of optical signals during fiber transmission. ⑥ Photoelectric module The photoelectric module is usually called electric port module or RJ45 SFP module. Unlike the optical module, the electric port module does not carry out photoelectric conversion. Through the switching of the electric module, the two optical interfaces can be connected with a network cable.RJ45 Copper SFP Module 3. Development and evolution of optical transceiversIn the current physical architecture network of mainstream data centers, Spine-Leaf (Clos network architecture) architecture is commonly followed. Usually 10GE interface is used as the access side server docking, and 40GE interface is commonly used for the uplink on the Leaf side. In large data centers, it has been common to use 25G as the mainstream access and 100G uplink. In scenarios requiring high computation and high bandwidth, GPU servers have been using 100GE and even 200GE access. Data center switch interconnects are evolving to large-scale 400GE interconnects.The development of Ethernet has undergone rapid changes from 1Mbit/s, 10Mbit/s, 100Mbit/s (FE), 1Gbit/s (GE), 10Gbit/s (10GE) to 40Gbit/s (40GE), 100Gbit\s (100GE), and with the rapid development of big data, smart cities, mobile Internet, cloud computing, network traffic has shown exponential growth. The thirst for continuous growth of bandwidth will require higher bandwidth rates, and optical modules will develop rapidly.
Fiber Optic Transceivers Optical Module Fiber Optic 2987 81 07/29/21RECENT POSTS
WUHU, China, Oct. 20, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- At the AiMOGA Global Business Conference, a new blueprint for embodied intelligence was revealed under the theme "Connecting the World • Incubating the Future." Focusing on three pillars—core strategy, technology, and global expansion—AiMOGA Robotics marked a new stage in its embodied AI development. The event gathered partners, media, and experts from over 30 countries to witness how AiMOGA is shaping the future of "Automobile + Humanoid Robot" integration. 01 • New Strategic Vision: From Automotive Robotics to Trusted Human Assistants Zhang Guibing, General Manager of AiMOGA Robotics, said the era of embodied intelligence has arrived. Over the past three years, AiMOGA evolved from concept to commercial reality, enabling its humanoid robot Mornine to deliver autonomous presentations, multilingual interaction, and real-world service tasks. Moving forward, AiMOGA will follow "Practical Technology + Real-world Scenarios + Human Assistants," advancing vehicle-robot collaboration and expanding humanoid and quadruped products to become a world-leading and trusted AI assistant provider. 02 • Technological Framework Upgrade: Achieving L3 Core Capability and Launching the "MoNet" Vision-Language Model Xia Peng, Executive Deputy General Manager, announced AiMOGA's upgrade from L2 (Collaboration Level) to L3 (Assistance Level), achieving multimodal perception, autonomous execution, and adaptive behavior. Its "All-domain Intelligent Construction" integrates high-torque joints, 17 DOF dexterous hands, multilingual large model cognition, semantic understanding, and reinforcement learning for autonomous planning. AiMOGA also founded the Vehicle-Robot Synergy Innovation Center, merging automotive cockpit and robot control expertise, and launched MoNet, a vision-language model for multilingual Q&A and intent analysis. 03 • Global Expansion: Building an International Sales Network and Charting Bold Future Goals Leveraging Chery's 11,000+ outlets, AiMOGA is expanding its global full-scenario delivery. As the world's first humanoid robot certified under EU Hardware and Software Certification, AiMOGA has been deployed in 30+ countries, including Malaysia, Indonesia, the UAE, and South Africa. Partner Nicola noted: "They're not just machines—they're reliable assistants." By 2030, AiMOGA targets 40,000 humanoid and 90,000 quadruped global shipments across sales, education, and companionship fields. Conclusion With clear strategy, advanced technology, and a global ecosystem, AiMOGA Robotics is defining a new era of synergy among humans, robots, and automobiles.
LOS ANGELES, Oct. 20, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- XPPen today unveiled the groundbreaking Artist 12 3rd, a new dial shortcut portable display featuring the state-of-the-art X4 smart chip stylus. This compact device incorporates major feature upgrades that set the trend for portable creation. Representing one of the most significant updates in the drawing display category, the Artist 12 3rd combines the revolutionary X-Dial shortcut keys, 16K pressure levels, and a paper-like display—delivering an unprecedented creative experience that redefines efficiency, control, and portability for artists worldwide. "At XPPen, we remain committed to enhancing the user experience through technological innovation," said Amy Yuan, Brand Director at XPPen. "For the latest Artist 12 3rd, we have reimagined the user interface with our innovative industrial design language—the X-Dial shortcut keys—to provide creators with a more intuitive and efficient workflow. Technically, the upgraded X4 smart chip in the stylus delivers significantly more processing power that translates to a faster response rate, heightened sensitivity, and exceptional precision. Our aim is to bridge the gap for entry-level creators and those who value portability by offering a device that doesn't compromise on professional performance." Revolutionary X-Dial: A New Way to Interact Engineered to streamline workflow and boost efficiency, the newly designed X-Dial shortcut keys free users from menu navigation and slider adjustments through a seamless, intuitive control experience that preserves creative immersion. With an intuitive turn of the thumb, users can effortlessly zoom in and out on their canvas, adjust brush size, or scroll through layers, empowering creativity through instant access to essential functions. Not only does this X-Dial introduce a new form of interaction for users who value efficiency and flexibility, but its innovative structure—combined with two dial wheels and eight customizable shortcut keys—also enables a significantly slimmer bezel, resulting in a more expansive and truly immersive viewing experience. "At its core, this design is about enabling more efficient interaction," said Li Jiang, Senior Industrial Designer at XPPen. "We meticulously refined every detail, from the haptic feedback to the acoustic response, to deliver an operation that is not only efficient, accurate, and ergonomic but also comfortable for long creative sessions." All-new X4 Smart Chip Stylus to Unbound Creativity The X4 smart chip stylus, included as standard with the display, combines cutting-edge performance with a sleek design. Driven by the newly upgraded X4 smart chip, its refined architecture enables a highly responsive and stable drawing experience. Key performance metrics include an initial activation force of just 2g, a response time as low as 30ms, and best-in-class 16,384 pressure levels, all of which ensure that even the most delicate strokes are captured with precision. Furthermore, an enhanced magnetic core solution provides more accurate tilt recognition, delivering a natural feel for both left- and right-handed users. The stylus introduces an innovative magnetic attachment feature, making it XPPen's first drawing display to support secure storage and easy carrying. This feature magnetically attaches directly to the drawing tablet, significantly enhancing portability while ensuring the stylus is always within reach and protected. Housed in a modern, ergonomically redesigned body, it also provides superior comfort and a secure grip for prolonged creative sessions. Compact yet Uncompromising Visuals Weighing just 719g and featuring an 11.9-inch screen, the Artist 12 3rd packs exceptional display performance into a highly portable and lightweight body. It features a 1920 x 1080 resolution for crisp detail and boasts a color gamut covering 99% sRGB, 97% Adobe RGB, and 97% Display P3 with a Delta E < 1.2 color accuracy. This ensures a wide, vibrant spectrum and professional fidelity, supported by 16.7 million colors for smooth gradients. Crafted with AG nano-etched glass and AF coating, the display provides a natural, paper-like texture that effectively resists glare, scratches, and fingerprints for an immersive drawing experience. Furthermore, DC dimming automatically adjusts brightness based on ambient lighting, a feature meticulously designed for visual comfort and eye care during extended creative sessions. For more convenience, the Artist 12 3rd comes with a foldable stand for easy viewing angle adjustment and a full-feature USB-C cable that supports single-cable connectivity—keeping your workspace tidy and your focus entirely on creation. Pricing and Availability The Artist 12 3rd drawing display will be available in two color options—Black and Silver Gray—and includes the X4 smart chip stylus. Priced at $239.99, the Artist 12 3rd will go on sale via the official XPPen online store starting October 20, 2025. (Pricing and availability may vary by region.) For more information, please visit https://www.xp-pen.com/product/artist-12-3rd.html
GAUNGZHOU, China, Oct. 20, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- On October 15, as a leading force in China's automotive industry going global, GAC participated in the 138th Canton Fair under the theme "Where Craft Meets Technology." Blending Lingnan cultural heritage with the spirit of the National Games, GAC showcased three flagship models: the GAC S7, AION UT, and HYPTEC HL. Through an integrated presentation of "Technology Globalization, Ecosystem Globalization, and Culture Globalization," GAC demonstrated its advancement from "product export" to "ecosystem export" and "system export," illustrating how Chinese brands are redefining their global presence with a broader vision, innovative pathways, and a forward-looking strategy. Under the "One GAC 2.0" global strategy, GAC continues to strengthen its technological intelligence. At the GAC exhibition area, smart mobility took center stage through dedicated vehicle showcases, a VR immersive technology zone, and a planning display for global energy storage solutions. These offerings provided global buyers with an engaging, technology-driven mobility experience. As an official partner of the 15th National Games and the 12th National Games for Persons with Disabilities and the 9th National Special Olympic Games, and the only automotive brand participating in the 138th Canton Fair Music & Cuisine Festival, GAC created an immersive lifestyle space combining smart mobility, Cantonese cuisine, and interactive experiences. By presenting vehicles such as the M8, AION UT, and AION V in dynamic, mobile space scenarios, GAC empowered the gourmet experience and transformed these models into "mobile reception rooms," vividly showcasing new possibilities for human-vehicle life to global visitors. GAC's relationship with the Canton Fair goes far beyond simple participation — it represents a "two-way journey" of urban development and industrial globalization. Since its first appearance at the Fair in 2012, GAC has evolved from a newcomer showcasing domestic products into a leader presenting advanced intelligent and electric vehicles, as well as cutting-edge innovations in new energy, smart connectivity, and sustainable mobility. Looking ahead, under its "One GAC 2.0" global strategy, GAC will continue to strengthen its international presence across product layout, energy networks, service ecosystems, and brand culture, further solidifying its position as a new benchmark for Chinese automotive globalization.
Extending Trust Between Cultures & Generations Through "Wisdom • Wealth • A Life of Warmth" SHANGHAI, Oct. 20, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Noah Holdings Limited ("Noah" or the "Company") (NYSE: NOAH and HKEX: 6686), a leading and pioneer wealth management service provider offering comprehensive one-stop advisory services on global investment and asset allocation primarily for global Chinese high-net-worth investors, launched its inaugural art exhibition, Hub: The Endless Exploration of Art, at the Noah N+ Art Club in Shanghai. The exhibition features leading Chinese and international contemporary artists with works spanning painting, sculpture, and installation. N+ Art Club: Wealth Beyond the Numbers As the inaugural exhibition of the N+ Art Club, Hub: The Endless Exploration of Art serves as a three-dimensional manifestation of Noah's brand philosophy: "Wisdom • Wealth • A Life of Warmth." It also honors inherited family values while celebrating a new generation's modern interpretation of life, culture, and wealth. This is expressed not only through the art itself, but also through selection of the curator: the daughter of a long-standing client. Jingbo Wang, Founder and Chairwoman of Noah Holdings, said: "Twenty years ago, Noah met an entrepreneur client in Suzhou who was not only astute in business but also a passionate art collector. Over twenty years, his daughter has returned to China after completing her studies overseas and, as the curator of this exhibition, uses the language of contemporary art to express her independent reflections on wealth, life, and meaning. The inheritance of wealth ultimately returns to the inheritance of culture and spirit. To me, This is more than art exhibition; it's a coming together of worlds through a connection spanning two generations." In an era where value is often defined by data, Noah seeks another form of wealth—one that cannot be measured, yet enriches life: spiritual assets. Zander Yin, CEO of Noah Holdings, said: "At Noah, we believe true wealth extends beyond the accumulation of numbers to the inspiration of wisdom. It is something more human: warm, intelligent, and wise, strengthened by wisdom and sustained by trust. The N+ Art Center is Noah's way of extending this trust through the language of art, exploring new possibilities where wisdom and beauty converge. By allowing us to explore the world's truths more deeply, art helps us create a new, more spiritual form of enrichment for Chinese families all over the world." The N+ Art Club stands as Noah's dedicated platform for this vision, creating a unique space where global Chinese families can explore art as a bridge connecting business with culture, wealth with spirit, and heritage with innovation. A Journey Through Four Chapters Hub: The Endless Exploration of Art tells a story through four chapters structured to explore the deeper meaning of themes wealth and life, celebrating both the cultural heritage and contemporary vision of global Chinese families: Revealing Civilization: Symbols, Bodies, and Cross-Cultural Dialogue A dialogue between Eastern and Western artists unveils the hidden codes of civilization. Through collision and exchange, new value systems emerge—where wealth reflects not numbers, but the folds of human wisdom and cultural insight. Folds of Value: The Archaeology of Material ReconstructionArtistic inquiry reconsiders the ties between material wealth and spiritual depth. Wealth becomes a living texture—an imprint of human creativity on the everchanging fabric of civilization. Weaving Emotions: Mapping Resonance Across ContextsArt acts as a loom of emotion, connecting hearts across generations and geographies. Here, wealth is reimagined as an emotional bond rather than isolated possession. Room 404: Ethical Reflections in the Posthuman EraArt returns to the essence of life, confronting the meaning of existence. Wealth, when infused with compassion, transcends time to present a more humane vision of value. The exhibition will feature various leading artists and works including: Small Earth by Antony Gormley (UK), winner of Turner Prize in 1994. Peach Blossom Series by Zhou Chunya (China), one of the most influential figures in Chinese contemporary art. Noeud Sauvage 2025 by Jean-Michel Othoniel (France), an internationally acclaimed contemporary artist known for his iconic glass sculptures. F-X012Y005 by Gu Changwei (China), a celebrated figure in Chinese cinema who transitioned from an acclaimed cinematographer to a prominent film director. By hosting world-class exhibitions and facilitating dialogue across cultures and generations, N+ Art Club represents a new vision for what a wealth management firm can offer. Hub: The Endless Exploration of Art will be held from Oct. 18, 2025 to Jan 31, 2026 at the Noah N+ Art Club in Shanghai. For full exhibition details and updates, please visit: https://m.damai.cn/shows/item.html?itemId=983574322425 ABOUT NOAH HOLDINGS LIMITED Noah Holdings Limited (NYSE: NOAH and HKEX: 6686) is a leading and pioneer wealth management service provider offering comprehensive one-stop advisory services on global investment and asset allocation primarily for global Chinese high-net-worth investors. Noah's American depositary shares, or ADSs, are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "NOAH", and its shares are listed on the main board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under the stock code "6686". One ADS represents five ordinary shares, par value $0.00005 per share.
