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Help CenterSteel H Beam & H-beam，SM490、SS400、Q420B、Q550B、Q235NH/Q355NH、Q345R
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Detailed Description of H-Beam
H-beam is a high-efficiency profiled steel with an H-shaped cross-section. Its flanges are wide with parallel inner and outer surfaces and uniform thickness, while the web is thin and flat. Featuring excellent bending resistance, light self-weight, easy connection and good seismic performance, it is widely used as load-bearing components such as steel structure beams and columns, bridges, factory buildings and high-rise structures, serving as a core sectional steel for modern heavy-load and long-span projects.
1. Executive Standards
National Standard: GB/T 11263-2017 Hot Rolled H-Beams and Split T-Beams
Material Standard: GB/T 700 (Carbon Steel), GB/T 1591 (High Strength Low Alloy Steel)
International Equivalent Standards: EN 10034 (European Standard, HE Series), ASTM A572/A992 (American Standard, W Series), JIS G3192 (Japanese Standard, H Series)
2. Material & Chemical Composition
2.1 Common Materials (Regular Stock)
Q235B: Carbon structural steel with good toughness and cost performance. Yield strength ≥ 235MPa. Applied to ordinary factory buildings and low-rise frames.
Q355B (Former Q345B): High strength low alloy steel with high strength and good low-temperature resistance. Yield strength ≥ 355MPa. Suitable for high-rise buildings, long-span and heavy-load structures.
Other Materials: SM490, SS400, Q420B, Q550B (High Strength), Q235NH/Q355NH (Weathering Resistant Steel), Q345R (Pressure Vessel Steel)
2.2 Chemical Composition (Heat Analysis, %)
| Material | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q235B | ≤0.20 | ≤0.35 | 0.30–0.70 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.045 |
| Q355B | ≤0.20 | ≤0.50 | 1.00–1.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
3. Classification & Specifications
3.1 Classification by Flange Width (4 National Standard Types)
HW (Wide Flange H-Beam): Flange width is approximately equal to section height, e.g. HW100×100, HW400×400. Excellent compression resistance, mainly used for steel columns.
HM (Medium Flange H-Beam): Flange width accounts for 1/2 to 2/3 of section height, e.g. HM300×200. Universal for beams and columns, applicable to composite structures.
HN (Narrow Flange H-Beam): Flange width is about half of section height, e.g. HN500×200, HN600×200. Outstanding bending resistance, primarily used for steel beams and floor beams.
HT (Thin-walled H-Beam): Thin web and flanges, e.g. HT100×50. Used for light-load structures, enclosure and secondary components.
3.2 Classification by Production Process
Hot Rolled H-Beam: Produced by heating and rolling steel billets. It features uniform cross-section, stable mechanical properties and high dimensional accuracy. The preferred choice for regular specifications (H100–H1100).
Welded H-Beam: Manufactured by cutting steel plates and submerged arc welding. Custom sizes for extra-large and non-standard dimensions are available. Applied to long-span bridges and super high-rise columns.
3.3 Specification Representation (H×B×t1×t2, Unit: mm)
H = Web height; B = Flange width; t1 = Web thickness; t2 = Flange thicknessExample: H300×300×10×15 (Height 300mm, Width 300mm, Web Thickness 10mm, Flange Thickness 15mm)
3.4 Common Specifications (Hot Rolled, Theoretical Weight: kg/m)
| Model | Size (H×B×t1×t2) | Theoretical Weight |
|---|---|---|
| HW100×100 | 100×100×6×8 | 17.2 |
| HW200×200 | 200×200×8×12 | 50.5 |
| HM300×200 | 294×200×8×12 | 41.2 |
| HN300×150 | 298×149×5.5×8 | 32.6 |
| HN500×200 | 496×199×9×14 | 79.5 |
4. Mechanical Properties (Room Temperature Tensile Test, Longitudinal Direction)
| Material | Yield Strength ReH (MPa) | Tensile Strength Rm (MPa) | Elongation A (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q235B | ≥235 | 370–500 | ≥20 |
| Q355B | ≥355 | 470–630 | ≥21 |
5. Main Features
Superior Mechanical Performance: Reasonable cross-section design delivers high bending, torsion and compression resistance. Under the same weight, its bearing capacity is 15%–20% higher than I-beam, with balanced bidirectional rigidity and stable seismic & wind resistance.
Light Weight & Material Saving: High material utilization rate can reduce steel consumption by 30% for long-span projects, cutting costs on transportation and foundation works.
High Construction Efficiency: Parallel flanges allow direct bolt connection, minimizing on-site welding work. It adapts to prefabricated construction and shortens the construction period by over 30%.
Complete Specifications: Coverage from H100 to H1100 meets demands of light enclosure structures to super high-rise load-bearing structures.
Flexible Surface Treatment: Available in hot rolled black finish, shot blasting, hot-dip galvanizing and painting for anti-corrosion and decoration, extending service life.
6. Application Scope
Industrial Buildings: Main frame beams & columns, crane beams, equipment supports and pipeline supports of factory buildings.
Civil Buildings: Steel columns and floor beams for high-rise & super high-rise buildings, curtain wall keels, large-span stadiums and exhibition centers.
Municipal & Bridge Engineering: Main girders, steel piers of highway & railway bridges, footbridges and offshore platforms.
Underground Engineering: Steel piles, foundation pit supporting structures and tunnel supports.
Other Fields: Furnace frames, supports for chemical & power equipment, and port structural parts.
7. Delivery & Packaging
Delivery Condition: Hot rolled (standard), normalized, tempered and quenched & tempered (on request).
Delivery Length: Standard lengths: 6m, 9m, 12m. Custom lengths from 5m to 18m are acceptable, with tolerance: +50mm / 0mm.
Packaging: Bundled delivery, 2–5 tons per bundle. Labels marked with specification, material, batch number and manufacturer are attached at both ends. Galvanized and painted products are packed with moisture-proof materials.
Quality Documents: Material test certificates including chemical composition, mechanical properties, executive standard and batch number are provided together with goods.
8. Comparison: H-Beam vs I-Beam
| Comparison Items | H-Beam | I-Beam |
|---|---|---|
| Cross-section | Wide flanges with parallel inner & outer sides, uniform thickness | Narrow flanges with inclined inner sides, uneven thickness |
| Mechanical Performance | Excellent bidirectional bending & torsion resistance, balanced rigidity | Good unidirectional bending resistance, poor torsion resistance and lateral rigidity |
| Connection Mode | Direct bolt connection, easy installation | Extra splicing and welding required, complicated procedures |
| Application Scenarios | Long-span, heavy-load, high-rise and anti-seismic structures | Medium & small-span, light-load ordinary beams |
| Material Utilization | High (15%–30% material saved) | Low |
9. Delivery Lead Time
Delivery Lead Time: 5–7 days. In-stock goods can be delivered on the same day, and custom-sized products within 7 days.
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