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Help CenterFlat Steel & Flat Bar，GB/T 704-2016、YB/T 037-1993、GB/T 700-2006、GB/T 1591-2018
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1. Product Overview
Flat steel (also known as flat iron) is a long strip steel with a rectangular cross-section and blunted edges. Its width ranges from 12-300mm, thickness from 3-60mm, and standard lengths are 6m, 9m and 12m with customized cutting available. Featuring a flat cross-section, large surface area and convenient connection, it is widely applied in construction, machinery, electric power, steel structure and other industries.
2. Product Classification
2.1 Classification by Production Process
1. Hot Rolled Flat Steel: Formed by high-temperature rolling (approximately 1250℃) with black or smooth surface. It has excellent strength and toughness with low cost, complying with GB/T 704-2016, and is the preferred material for general structural applications.
2. Cold Drawn Flat Steel: Formed by cold drawing at room temperature with high dimensional accuracy (tolerance ±0.02mm) and smooth surface (Ra≤3.2μm). It is suitable for precision machinery manufacturing and implements YB/T 037-1993 standard.
3. Forged Flat Steel: Formed by forging with dense internal structure and ultra-high strength, applicable for heavy-load and special working conditions at a relatively high cost.
2.2 Classification by Material
1. Carbon Structural Steel: Q235B (most commonly used with high cost performance), Q195 and 45# steel, featuring moderate strength and good weldability.
2. High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel: Q355B/D and Q460 steel, possessing high strength and low-temperature resistance, used for bridges, shipbuilding and lifting equipment.
3. Special Steel: 65Mn/60Si2Mn spring steel and 40Cr alloy steel, applied for springs and wear-resistant parts.
2.3 Classification by Surface Treatment
- Black Flat Steel: Original hot-rolled surface with low cost, used for ordinary structural projects.
- Polished Flat Steel: Cold-drawn or polished with bright surface, suitable for decoration and precision parts.
- Galvanized Flat Steel: Hot-dip galvanized (zinc layer thickness ≥65μm) with superior anti-corrosion and rust-proof performance, applied for grounding and outdoor engineering.
3. Specification Parameters
3.1 Dimension Representation
Width × Thickness × Length (mm), e.g. 50×5×6000 (width 50mm, thickness 5mm, length 6m).
3.2 Common Specifications (Width × Thickness, mm)
- Small specifications: 10×3, 15×3, 20×4, 25×4
- Medium specifications: 30×4, 40×4, 50×5, 60×6
- Large specifications: 80×8, 100×10, 120×12, 150×15
3.3 Mechanical Properties (Reference for Q235B)
- Tensile Strength: 375-500MPa
- Yield Strength: ≥235MPa
- Elongation: ≥26%
4. Executive Standards
- Hot Rolled Flat Steel: GB/T 704-2016
- Cold Drawn Flat Steel: YB/T 037-1993
- Carbon Steel: GB/T 700-2006
- Low-Alloy Steel: GB/T 1591-2018
5. Product Features
1. Dense Specifications: Complete size range with small interval sizes. Custom thickness, width and length are available, which can replace steel plates directly without secondary cutting and facilitate direct welding.
2. High Dimensional Accuracy: Vertical side edges and clear edges and corners with better flatness and tolerance than ordinary steel plates.
3. Superior Surface Quality: Hot-rolled products adopt high-pressure water descaling, cold-drawn products have mirror smooth surfaces, and galvanized products feature uniform anti-corrosion coating.
4. Cost-Effective & Efficient: Manufactured with negative tolerance rolling and delivered by actual weight, improving material utilization rate by 15%-20% compared with steel plates.
5. Excellent Machinability: Supports shearing, bending, welding, drilling and other processing technologies to meet diverse processing requirements.
6. Main Applications
1. Building Steel Structure: Beam and column connecting plates, embedded parts, stiffening ribs, supports and guardrails.
2. Electric Grounding: Lightning protection grounding grids and equipment grounding down conductors (mainly galvanized flat steel).
3. Mechanical Manufacturing: Base plates, guide rails, gear blanks, springs and wear-resistant components.
4. Traffic Engineering: Bridge components, vehicle frames and ship structural parts.
5. Decoration & Hardware: Iron art doors and windows and furniture accessories.
7. Packaging, Marking & Storage
1. Packaging: Bundled packaging with 2-5 tons per bundle, labeled at the end with moisture-proof and rust-proof treatment.
2. Marking: Marked with steel grade, specification, batch number, executive standard and manufacturer information.
3. Storage: Store in dry and ventilated warehouses. Avoid rain and dampness, stack in layers to prevent deformation, and keep away from corrosive media.
8. Quality Inspection
1. Appearance Inspection: No cracks, folds, scars or excessive oxide scales with smooth surface and uniform dimensions.
2. Dimensional Inspection: Detect width, thickness and length with calipers and tape measures to ensure dimensions comply with standard tolerances.
3. Mechanical Property Inspection: Conduct tensile tests to detect tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, and impact tests to verify material toughness.
4. Chemical Composition Inspection: Analyze chemical composition via spectrometer to meet the standards of corresponding steel grades.
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