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Help CenterSteel H Beam & Steel Structure H-Beam，Q235B、Q355B、SM490/SS400
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H Beam Product Specification
H-beam is an efficient section steel with an H-shaped cross-section, composed of parallel flanges and a vertical web. Featuring excellent mechanical properties, light self-weight and convenient installation, it is widely used as steel structural beams, columns, industrial supports and components for long-span projects.
1. Basic Definition & Structure
Definition: Named after its H-shaped cross-section, also known as wide-flange I-beam or parallel flange I-beam. It is divided into hot-rolled H beam and welded H beam.
Structure:
Flange: The horizontal upper and lower parts, mainly bearing bending stress.
Web: The vertical middle connecting part, primarily bearing shear force.
Fillet: The rounded corner at the joint of flange and web, which reduces stress concentration.
2. Classification & Model Designation
2.1 Classification by Flange Width (Standard: GB/T 11263-2024)
| Type | Code | Features | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wide Flange H Beam | HW | Height nearly equal to flange width; superior torsion and compression resistance | Steel columns, load-bearing supports, pile foundations |
| Medium Flange H Beam | HM | Flange width about half of section height; balanced section performance | Beams and columns of multi-storey frames, medium-duty crane girders |
| Narrow Flange H Beam | HN | Flange width less than half of section height; high bending resistance | Main beams of factory buildings, floor beams and platform beams |
| Thin-walled H Beam | HT | Thin web and flanges, light weight | Light-duty workshops, prefabricated houses and decorative structures |
2.2 Model Representation
Format: Height (H) × Flange Width (B) × Web Thickness (t1) × Flange Thickness (t2) (Unit: mm)Example: HN300×150×4.5×6 (H=300mm, B=150mm, t1=4.5mm, t2=6mm)
2.3 Classification by Production Process
Hot-rolled H Beam: Standard national specifications, mass production with low cost. Common sizes: HW100~HW400, HN100~HN900.
Welded H Beam: Custom-made products. The maximum height can reach 3000mm, suitable for long-span projects and structures under special loads.
3. Material Standard & Mechanical Properties
3.1 Common Materials
Q235B: Low carbon steel with yield strength ≥ 235MPa. Cost-effective for general steel structures.
Q355B (Former Q345B): Low alloy high strength steel with yield strength ≥ 355MPa. Applied for heavy-load and seismic-resistant structures.
SM490 / SS400: Japanese standard materials, equivalent to Q355 / Q235, used for overseas projects.
3.2 Key Mechanical Properties (Q235B)
Yield Strength: ≥ 235MPa
Tensile Strength: 370~500MPa
Elongation: ≥ 26%
Impact Toughness: ≥ 27J (V-notch at normal temperature)
4. Common Specifications & Parameters
| Model | H (mm) | B (mm) | t1 (mm) | t2 (mm) | Theoretical Weight (kg/m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HW200×200 | 200 | 200 | 8 | 12 | 50.5 |
| HM250×175 | 250 | 175 | 7 | 11 | 40.2 |
| HN300×150 | 294 | 148 | 4.5 | 6 | 25.0 |
| HN400×200 | 390 | 198 | 7 | 11 | 56.1 |
5. Product Advantages
Excellent Mechanical Performance: Parallel flanges and right-angle design provide higher bending and torsion resistance than conventional I-beams, saving 15%~20% steel consumption.
High Load Capacity with Light Weight: Optimized strength-to-weight ratio reduces foundation load and overall project cost.
Easy Construction: Parallel inner and outer flange surfaces facilitate welding and bolt connection, greatly improving construction efficiency.
Good Seismic Performance: High structural rigidity and small deformation, ideal for buildings in earthquake-prone areas.
Good Corrosion Resistance: Available with hot-dip galvanizing and anti-corrosion coating to extend service life.
6. Application Fields
Building Steel Structure: Beams and columns for factory buildings, office buildings and residential buildings, long-span roof beams.
Industrial Facilities: Furnace frames, pipe supports, crane girders and mine supports.
Municipal Engineering: Steel bridges, offshore platforms, foundation piles and supporting structures.
Equipment Manufacturing: Brackets for heavy machinery, boiler frames and marine structural parts.
7. Production & Executive Standards
National Standard: GB/T 11263-2024 Hot-rolled H and Split T Sections
Material Standard: GB/T 706, GB/T 1591
Inspection Standard: GB/T 2975 (Mechanical Test), GB/T 13912 (Hot-dip Galvanizing)
8. Difference between H Beam and I-beam
Cross-section: H beam has fully parallel flanges; I-beam has tapered inner flange surfaces.
Performance: H beam features strong torsion and bending resistance; I-beam is weak in torsion resistance and only suitable for unidirectional bending.
Application: H beam for beams, columns and heavy-load structures; I-beam for ordinary beams and simple supports.
9. Surface Treatment & Delivery Condition
Surface Treatment: Hot-rolled black finish, shot blasting / sandblasting derusting, hot-dip galvanizing, anti-corrosion paint (zinc-rich epoxy paint, polyurethane paint).
Delivery Condition: Hot-rolled, normalized or tempered. Available in fixed lengths (6m / 9m / 12m) or random lengths as required.
10. Purchase Guidelines
Verify products comply with GB/T 11263-2024, and check complete material certificates and quality documents.
Inspect actual dimensions: Dimensional tolerances shall meet national standards (Height: ±3mm, Flange width: ±2mm).
Confirm material grade (Q235B / Q355B) via spectral analysis or mechanical testing.
Check surface quality: No cracks, inclusions or severe rust; uniform galvanized layer without missing plating.
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