[single-hoist Point Winch-type Hoist for Water Conservancy Projects, Small Footprint, Easy Maintenance]
2X160KN double-hoist-point winch hoist is arranged with double frames and driven by separate motors. Its lifting structure has double hoist points and is equipped with 2 sets of winch mechanisms. The drum is wound in a double-layer zigzag pattern, and the pulley block ratio is 6. Each set of winch is driven by a motor through a reducer and an open gear for speed change to rotate the drum. Through the retraction and release of the steel wire ropes wound on the drum, movable pulleys, fixed pulleys, and balance pulleys, the gate is driven to rise or fall. The pulley block ratio of the lifting mechanism is 6. The high-speed shaft of the reducer is a double-output shaft. One end of it is connected to the motor through a set of brakes, and the other end is connected to the high-speed shaft of the reducer of another set of lifting mechanism through a toothed coupling and an intermediate shaft to realize the synchronous operation of the two sets of winch hoists.
Main components
1. Motor
According to the rated load of the hoist being 2X160KN, the motor YZR280S-8 is selected.
2. Reducer and gear
According to the layout of the lifting mechanism and the speed ratio requirements of the transmission mechanism, this mechanism uses a first-level open gear and a first-level standard reducer. The total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism is 317. The reducer is of the SEW series M - the model is M3PSF50-56, and the transmission ratio is 55.391. After the reducer is finalized, according to the allocated transmission ratio, the open gear and the modulus are determined. The number of teeth of the large gear is 103, the number of teeth of the small gear is 18, and the modulus is 20.
3. Drum
The drum is made by rolling and welding steel plates. It has a simple structure, uniform wall thickness, and light weight. The material is Q235B, and the drum diameter is 1200mm.
4. Brake
A set of brakes is installed at each high-speed stage of the lifting mechanism. The safety factor of the brakes is greater than 2. The brakes are normally closed electro-hydraulic brakes, with the model being TE315-EB/500/60 and the braking torque being 75-1050N*M
5. Sensors and height control devices are also reasonably arranged, which play a safety protection role for the operation of the gate and the hoist.
Frame structure
The frame is the supporting foundation of the winch hoist. The frame is mainly composed of a main load-bearing box girder, two I-shaped girders, and other secondary girders. The overall external dimensions of a single frame are 3315mmX3335mmX1000mm. It is manufactured as a whole in the factory and the single frame is transported as a whole after assembly.
Design basis
With the development of water conservancy and hydropower projects and the needs of large-scale power stations and high dam construction, the multi-layer zigzag winding layout form of high-lift winch hoists is adopted. The characteristics of large hoisting force, large capacity, small volume, and high efficiency meet the needs of the projects.
Design advantages
1. The high-lift winch hoist adopts a closed structure without open transmission involute cylindrical gears. It uses a reduction device with a large speed ratio, large torque, light weight, and compact structure. The connection between the rope drum and the reduction device adopts a sleeve structure form without using a coupling. In this way, the winch hoist has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.
2. The new type of winch hoist adopts a modular one-way or two-way drive overall structural layout, achieving serialization, standardization, generalization, and modularization. The product quality and reliability are greatly improved.
3. The new type of winch hoist is equipped with sensors, which can accurately control the gate opening and monitor the gate load.
Causes
When the winch hoist lifts the steel gate, when closing the steel gate, as the water pressure, friction force on the gate, and the upward lifting force of the water flow on the gate gradually increase, the gate must overcome the above resistances to close. The gate can only be closed by its own gravity. Due to insufficient self - weight of the gate, it cannot be closed smoothly.
Solutions
In view of the reasons for the insufficient closing force of the gate, the following points can be used to solve the problem:
2.1 Add counterweights to the gate to increase its weight.
2.2 Repair and correct the main wheels and side wheels of the gate to reduce friction.
2.3 Change the operation mode, such as the down - flushing method, pressure - reducing method, etc.
Working principle of the winch hoist
Winch hoist: The motor drives the reducer, and the reducer drives the winding drum. With the rotation of the drum, the steel wire rope is retracted and released. The steel wire rope drives the pulley block to increase the opening and closing force several times and then lift the gate, forming a conversion from electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Hydraulic hoist: The motor drives the hydraulic pump to form working pressure. The working pressure is sent to the hydraulic cylinder through the loop valve group set by the hydraulic medium to drive the gate connected to the piston rod to work, forming an energy conversion process from electrical energy to mechanical energy, then to pressure energy, and then back to mechanical energy.
Performance
Winch hoist: It is easy to operate, has a fast running speed, can ensure a strict transmission ratio, and has reliable performance. The stroke of the winch hoist is not limited, which is convenient for opening gates with a large stroke. It is suitable for various working environments. However, it has a large appearance, a linear motion with a lifting height of 15M, a large movement space, a large amount of civil engineering work, heavy mechanical transmission parts, large mechanical losses (generally about 15% of the power), certain mechanical damage after long - term operation, no buffering force, easy to cause component damage, high energy consumption, and high noise.
Winch hoist is composed of components such as a winch device, a transmission device, and a frame. It is driven by a single motor, uses a reducer and an open - gear reduction to drive the drum to rotate. Through the retraction and release of the steel wire rope on the drum, the gate is driven to open and close.
The structure is divided into the following parts:
1. Drum The function of the drum group: Convert the rotary motion of the drum into linear motion.
2. Reducer The function of the reducer is to transmit motion, reduce the speed, and increase the torque.
3. Coupling The function of the coupling: Connect the motor, the reducer, and the transmission shaft to transmit motion and torque and reduce vibration during operation
4. Motor The motor provides power for the machine.
5. Wire rope The wire rope is the traction component of the winch hoist.
6. Base Supports the entire winch system.
7. Pulley block and overload limiter The function of the pulley is to change the direction of the wire rope. It can be used as a guide wheel, and more can form a pulley block. It can also be used to balance the tension of two wire ropes.
8. Limit switch Controls the winch switch.
9. Brake The brake is used to brake and hold the gate, making it stop reliably at the required opening.
10. Indicator
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