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Introduction
We is a special stainless steel manufacturer with 7 years of manufacturing experience.
310 (UNS S31000) is an austenitic stainless steel developed for use in high temperature corrosion resistant applications. The alloy resists oxidation up to 2010oF (1100oC) under mildly cyclic conditions.
Because of its high chromium and moderate nickel content, 310 is resistant to sulfidation and can also be used in moderately carburizing atmospheres.
The more severe carburizing atmospheres of thermal process equipment usually require nickel alloys such as 330 (UNS N08330). 310 can be utilized in slightly oxidizing, nitriding, cementing and thermal cycling applications, albeit, the maximum service temperature must be reduced. Alloy 310 also finds usage in cryogenic applications with low magnetic permeability and toughness down to -450oF (-268oC). When heated between 1202 - 1742oF (650 - 950oC) the alloy is subject to sigma phase precipitation. A solution annealing treatment at 2012 - 2102oF (1100 - 1150oC) will restore a degree of toughness.
Stainless Steel 310 Applications
Kilns
Heat Exchangers
Radiant Tubes
Muffles, retorts, annealing covers
Tube hangers for petroleum refiing adn steam boilers
Coal gasifier internal components
Saggers
Furnace parts, conveyor belts, rollers, oven linings, fans
Food processing equipment
Cryogenic structures
ASTM........A 240
ASME........SA 240
AMS..........5521
Wet Corrosion
Alloy 310 is not designed for service in wet corrosive environments. The high carbon content, which is present to enhance creep properties, has a detrimental effect on aqueous corrosion resistance. The alloy is prone to intergranular corrosion after long term exposure at high temperatures. However, due to its high chromium content (25%), Alloy 310 is more corrosion resistant than most heat resistant alloys.
High Temperature Corrosion
The high chromium (25%) and silicon (0.6%) content of Alloy 310 make it more resistant to high temperature corrosion in most in-service environments. Operating temperatures are listed below.
Oxidizing conditions (max sulfur content - 2 g/m3)
1922°F (1050°C) continuous service
2012°F (1100°C) peak temperature
Oxidizing conditions (max sulfur greater than 2 g/m3)
1742°F (950°C) maximum temperature
Low oxygen atmosphere (max sulfur content - 2 g/m3)
1832°F (1000°C) maximum temperature
Nitriding or carburizing atmospheres
1562 - 1742°F (850 - 950°C) maximum
The alloy does not perform as well as Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) or Alloy 800 (UNS N08800) in reducing, nitriding or carburizing atmospheres, but it does outperform most heat resistant stainless steels in these conditions.
310 Stainless Steel Chemical Composition
| Element | 310 |
| Cr | 24.0-26.0 |
| Ni | 19.0-22.0 |
| C | 0.25 max |
| Mn | 2.0 max |
| P | 0.045 max |
| S | 0.03 max |
| Si | 1.5 max |
310 Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties
Mechanical property requirements for annealed product as specified in ASTM A240 and ASME SA240
| Yield Strength | Ultimate Tensile Strength | Elongation | Hardness | ||
| Psi(min) | MPa | Psi(min) | MPa | % (min) | (max) |
| 35,000 | 245 | 8,000 | 500 | 45 | 217 (HB) |
321H Stainless Steel Physical Properties
| Density | 0.285 lbs/in3 7.89 g/cm3 |
| Thermal Conductivity 200°F (100°C) | 8.0 BTU/hr/ft2/ft/°F 10.8 W/m-°K |
| Specific Heat | 0.12 BTU/lb-°F (32 - 212°F) 502 J/kg-°K (0 - 100°C) |
| Melting Range | 2470 - 2555°F 1354 - 1402°C |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 28.5 x 106 psi 196 GPa |
| Electrical Resistivity | 30.7 Microhm-in at 68°C 78.0 Microhm-cm at 20°C |
Available Sizes And Specifications
| 310 stainless steel plate sizes and specifications | |
| Grade | 310 |
| Cold rolled stainless steel plate | Thickness: 0.3mm- 16.0mm, Width: 1000mm - 2000mm, Length: as requirements, Surface: 2B/BA/SB/8K/HL/1D/2D etc |
| Hot rolled stainless steel sheet | Thickness: 3.0mm - 300mm, Width: 1000mm - 3000mm Length: as requirements, Surface: No.1/pickling |
| Standard | ASTM A240/A480, ASTM B688, ASTM B463/SB463, ASTM B168/SB168, ASTM B443/SB443/B424/SB424B625/SB625 B575/SB575, JIS G4303, BS 1449, DN17441, G4305 |
| Stainless steel plate | Thickness: 8.0mm - 300mm, Width: 1000mm - 3000mm Length: as requirements, Surface: No.1/pickling |
310 can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices.
Cold FormingThe alloy is quite ductile and forms in a manner very similar to 316. Cold forming of pieces with long-term exposure to high temperatures is not recommended since the alloy is subject to carbide precipitation and sigma phase precipitants.
Hot FormingHeat uniformly at 1742 - 2192°F (950 - 1200°C). After hot forming a final anneal at 1832 - 2101°F (1000 - 1150°C) followed by rapid quenching is recommended.
Welding310 can be readily welded by most standard processes including TIG, PLASMA, MIG, SMAW, SAW and FCAW.
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