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Alloy 316 / 316L Austenitic Chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel
Alloy 316/316L (UNS S31600/ S31603) is a chromium-nickelmolybdenum austenitic stainless steel
developed to provide improved corrosion resistance to Alloy 304/304L in moderately corrosive environments.
It is often utilized in process streams containing chlorides or halides.
The addition of molybdenum improves general corrosion and chloride pitting resistance.
It also provides higher creep, stress-to-rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperatures.
It is common practice for 316L to be dual certified as 316 and 316L.
The low carbon chemistry of 316L combined with an addition of nitrogen enables 316L to meet the
mechanical properties of 316.
Alloy 316/316L resists atmospheric corrosion, as well as, moderately oxidizing and reducing environments.
It also resists corrosion in polluted marine atmospheres.
The alloy has excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion in the as-welded condition.
Alloy 316/316L has excellent strength and toughness at cryogenic temperatures.
Alloy 316/316L is non-magnetic in the annealed condition, but can become slightly magnetic as a result
of cold working or welding. It can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices.
Designations
ASTM 316 UNS S31600 EN 1.4401
ASTM 316L UNS S31603 EN 1.4404
Special Characterisitics
Higher creep resistance
Excellent formability
Rupture and tensile strength at high temperatures
Corrosion and pitting resistance
Chemistry data %
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | N | Mo | Fe |
| 316 | 0.08 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0- 18.0 | 10.0- 14.0 | 0.10 | 2.00- 3.00 | Balance |
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | N | Mo | Fe |
| 316L | 0.030 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0- 18.0 | 10.0- 14.0 | 0.10 | 2.00- 3.00 | Balance |
Applications
Chemical and Petrochemical Processing—pressure vessels, tanks, heat
exchangers, piping systems, flanges, fittings, valves and pumps
Food and Beverage Processing
Marine
Medical
Petroleum Refining
Pharmaceutical Processing
Power Generation—nuclear
Pulp and Paper
Textiles
Water Treatment
Corrosion Resistance
Types 316 and 316LStainlessSteels exhibit better corrosion resistance than Type 304.
They provide excellent pitting resistance and good resistance to most chemicals involved in the paper,
textile and photographic industries.
Heat treatments
Types 316 and 316L are non-hardenable by heat treatment.
Annealing: Heat to 1900 - 2100°F (1038 - 1149°C), then rapidly quench.
Formability
Types 316 and 316L can be readily formed and drawn.
Weldability
The austenitic class of stainless steels is generally considered to be weldable by the common fusion
and resistance techniques.
Special consideration is required to avoid weld ”hot cracking“ by assuring formation of ferrite in the weld deposit.
These particular alloys are generally considered to have poorer weldability than Types 304 and 304L.
A major difference is the higher nickel content for these alloys which requires slower arcwelding
speed andmore care to avoid hot cracking.
When aweld filler is needed, AWS E/ER 316L and 16-8-2 are most often specified.
Types 316 and its low-carbon”L“versionarewell known in reference literature andmore information can be obtained in this way.
We are looking forward to your enquiries.
Contact:LIU
Email: sales@ahoneststeel.com
Cell:0086 189 1527 2882
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