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Help CenterSteel Round Bar & Round Bar，Q235B / S235JR、Q355B / S355JR、45# / 1045
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1. Product Overview
Round Bar, commonly known as Round Rod. The mainstream type is Hot Rolled Round Bar, featuring a solid circular cross-section. It is hot rolled from steel billets at high temperature and serves as a widely used basic solid section steel. This Round Bar possesses excellent ductility and is easy to cut, turn, drill, bend and weld. Round Rod covers specifications ranging from small-diameter precision blanks to heavy forging raw materials of large diameters. General Hot Rolled Round Bar has stable metallographic structure, controllable impurities and balanced mechanical properties. It is widely applied in mechanical processing, steel structure connectors, fasteners, engineering machinery and hardware fittings.
Premium Round Bar has smooth surface with low bending and torsion. Bulk procurement of Round Rod helps reduce raw material waste. Various Hot Rolled Round Bar can be supplied in multiple surface conditions including hot rolled black surface, turned finish, cold drawn and hot-dip galvanized, suitable for ordinary machining and outdoor anti-corrosion working conditions. It is a general steel product with huge demand in the machinery manufacturing industry.
2. Applicable Standards
Domestic Standards
GB/T 702 Dimensions, shape, weight and tolerances of hot-rolled steel bars
GB/T 700 Carbon structural steel
GB/T 1591 High strength low alloy structural steel
International Trade Standards
ASTM A36, S235JR, S355JR, 1045, 4140. All types of Round Bar, Round Rod and Hot Rolled Round Bar can be produced and supplied in accordance with the above standards.
3. Main Material Grades & Application Scenarios
| Material Grade | Material Classification | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| Q235B / S235JR | Carbon Steel Round Bar | Ordinary mechanical parts, steel structure pins, embedded parts, simple supports; common grade for general-purpose Hot Rolled Round Bar |
| Q355B / S355JR | Low Alloy High Strength Round Rod | Engineering machinery accessories, heavy-duty shaft blanks, equipment connectors |
| 45# / 1045 | Medium Carbon Hot Rolled Round Bar | Shaft parts, gear blanks, mechanical components requiring quenching and tempering heat treatment |
4. Specification Parameters
Nominal Diameter: 6mm–300mm (Regular stock: Φ10–120mm)
Standard Fixed Length: 6m, 9m, 12m. Custom cutting length of Round Rod is negotiable on request
Delivery Form: Bundled straight bars; deep-processed Hot Rolled Round Bar with cutting, turning, quenching & tempering and hot galvanizing services is available
Weight Calculation: Two options: theoretical weight calculation and actual weighing
5. Production Process Flow
Incoming billet inspection → Uniform heating in walking beam furnace → High-pressure water descaling → Multi-pass continuous rolling → Circular cross-section forming by finishing mill → Laminar cooling → Straightening for bending correction → Cold saw cutting to fixed length → Random visual & dimensional inspection → Tensile and cold bending mechanical tests → Spraying marking → Steel strip bundling → Warehousing
Key Process Points: Continuous hot rolling refines grains to improve comprehensive mechanical properties of Round Bar and Round Rod. Harmful elements sulfur and phosphorus are strictly controlled to guarantee stable welding and heat treatment performance of finished Hot Rolled Round Bar.
6. Delivery Status & Surface Description
Standard Delivery Status: Hot rolled black surface covered with uniform mill scale, the conventional supply form for most Round Bar.
Optional Deep Processing Services: CNC cutting, external cylindrical turning, quenching & tempering heat treatment, sandblasting derusting, hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion treatment.
Surface Quality Requirements: Qualified Round Rod shall be free of harmful defects such as cracks, folds, scabs and delamination. The depth of minor pitting and scratches shall not exceed standard tolerances; no obvious bending or torsion on the whole bar.
7. Core Inspection Items
Mechanical Properties: Room-temperature tensile test, cold bending test; hardness test can be added for medium carbon steel as required
Chemical Composition: Melting analysis + spectral re-inspection of finished products to strictly control harmful impurities
Dimensional Inspection: Batch sampling inspection of diameter, length, out-of-roundness and straightness
Original Material Test Certificate (MTC) is provided for each batch. Furnace batch numbers are fully traceable to meet acceptance requirements of mechanical processing and engineering projects.
8. Product Advantages
Strong machinability, suitable for turning, milling, drilling, welding and heat treatment. Round Bar adapts to various machining processes;
Wide versatility, usable as structural components as well as blanks for shafts and fasteners. Round Rod has abundant application scenarios;
Complete specifications with sufficient stock, one-stop supply of Round Bar and Hot Rolled Round Bar to shorten procurement cycle;
Flexible material selection: multiple grades including carbon steel, medium carbon steel and low alloy steel available to meet different strength requirements;
Diverse surface options: can be directly used in hot rolled state, or subjected to precision finishing and anti-corrosion treatment.
9. Main Application Fields
Machinery Manufacturing Industry: Various shaft blanks, gear blanks, pin shafts, flange blanks, large consumption of Round Bar;
Steel Structure Engineering: Tie rods, raw materials for bolts, embedded anchor bolts, mainly adopting Round Rod;
Hardware Fasteners: Raw materials for screws, nuts and rivets, extensive use of Hot Rolled Round Bar;
Engineering Machinery: Structural accessories and connecting pins for loaders and excavators;
Mold and Forging Industry: Forging blanks, base materials for simple molds.
10. Packaging, Transportation & Storage Requirements
Packaging Method: Mechanically bundled with steel strips; moisture-proof film can be added for export orders to protect Round Bar and Hot Rolled Round Bar.
Lifting & Transportation: Use lifting slings to prevent surface scratches caused by steel wire ropes and avoid collision and bending of Round Rod.
Storage Conditions: Sleepers shall be placed underneath to isolate ground moisture. Tarpaulin covering is required for outdoor stacking; carbon steel tends to rust under long-term humid conditions.
Marking: Tags attached to each bundle indicating grade, diameter, length and furnace batch number for easy identification of Round Bar and Round Rod of different specifications.
11. Usage Precautions
Round Bar used outdoors for a long time is recommended for galvanizing or painting anti-corrosion treatment to slow rusting;
Remove surface mill scale before machining to avoid tool damage; clean mill scale in welding areas before welding to ensure welding quality of Round Rod;
Confirm material grade in advance for Hot Rolled Round Bar requiring heat treatment, and implement quenching and tempering strictly in accordance with process specifications;
Store steel materials of different grades and furnace batches separately. Random mixing is prohibited in processing workshops;
Heavily rusted surfaces are suggested to be polished to prevent reduction of effective diameter and bearing strength.
12. Value-added Supporting Services
Fixed-length cutting, turning processing, quenching & tempering heat treatment, sandblasting derusting, hot galvanizing, third-party material re-inspection and technical support for material selection, satisfying customized processing demands of Round Bar, Round Rod and Hot Rolled Round Bar.
13. Delivery Cycle
Raw Material Stock Orders: Loading arrangement within 3～5 working days for regular grades and specifications, fast delivery of in-stock Round Bar.
Deep Processing Orders (Cutting / Turning / Heat Treatment / Galvanizing): Delivery cycle 5～7 working days.
Orders with Extra Large Diameter & Special Specifications, Large Futures Orders: Lead time negotiated according to steel mill production schedule.
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