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Sludge Drying Equipment - Pharmaceutical Sludge Treatment Equipment
Sludge is the product of sewage treatment. It is an extremely complex heterogeneous body composed of organic debris, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloidal sludge, etc. The main characteristics of sludge are high water content (up to over 99%), high organic matter content, easy to decay and emit odor, fine particles, small specific gravity, and in a colloidal liquid state. It is a thick substance between liquid and solid, which can be transported by pumps, but it is difficult to separate solid and liquid through sedimentation.
The function of sludge drying:
Before sludge drying, the water content is very high. The water content of surplus sludge reaches 99.2%-99.5%. After the sludge passes through the thickening tank, the water content is 95%-97%, and the water content after pressure filtration is about 80%. The reasons for reducing the water content and drying the sludge are as follows: First, the sludge output of sewage treatment plants is relatively large, so the sludge volume must be reduced to facilitate subsequent transportation and treatment; Second, most of the sludge treatment in China is transported to landfills in the form of landfill. Reducing the volume can save space for landfills; Third, after some treatment, the dried sludge can be used as fertilizer and building materials. This kind of utilization is not very common at present, let alone the utilization of sludge.
1. Advantages of sludge dryers:
1. Low energy consumption: Due to indirect heating, there is no large amount of air carrying away heat, and the outer wall of the dryer is equipped with an insulation layer.
2. Low operating cost: It has a large heat transfer surface within the unit effective volume, which shortens the processing time, reduces the equipment size, and greatly reduces the building area and building space.
3. Wide range of materials to be processed: It can handle both heat - sensitive materials and materials that require high - temperature treatment. It can operate continuously or intermittently and can be applied in many fields.
4. No environmental pollution: A small amount of air is used to carry away the moisture in the materials. The entrainment of dust materials is very small, and the evaporation of material solvents is very small, which is easy to handle. For materials with pollution or working conditions where solvents need to be recovered, a closed - loop cycle can be adopted.
5. Low operating cost: With a reasonable structure, the maintenance cost is very low.
6. Stable operation.
7. Equipment advantages: The equipment is compact, occupies a small area, has a high heat conduction coefficient and good thermal efficiency, and is an energy - saving device.
2. Working principle of sludge dryer:
Sludge dehumidification dryer - During the sludge drying process, a dehumidification heat pump is used to dehumidify and heat the air to achieve sludge drying; Convective hot air drying - Using dry hot air as the drying medium, the moisture in the material absorbs the heat in the air and vaporizes into the air, thus achieving the purpose of drying. Air is the heat and moisture carrier medium for convective drying, and other media can also be used; Dehumidification heat pump - It is a device that uses the refrigeration system to cool and dehumidify the humid air and at the same time recovers the latent heat of condensation of the air moisture through the heat pump principle to heat the air; Dehumidification heat pump = Dehumidification (dehumidifying and drying) + Heat pump (energy recovery) combination.
3. Technical features of sludge dryer:
It can fully realize the "reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and resource utilization" treatment of sludge; The final sludge particles can be used as co - firing fuel, for incineration, as bio - fuel, etc.; It is suitable for sludge, printing and dyeing, papermaking, electroplating, chemical industry, leather, and various types of sludge drying systems (including sludge with a large sand content).
Regarding energy saving:
It adopts heat pump heat recovery technology, and the closed - type drying mode has no waste heat emission; When drying each ton of 80% wet sludge to 10%, the comprehensive power consumption is 210 kw.h; Each kilowatt - hour of electricity can remove 3.7 kg of water (dehumidification performance ratio 1:3.7 kg.H2O/kw.h); When drying each ton of 80% wet sludge to 60%, the comprehensive power consumption is 128 kw.h.
Regarding safety:
The low-temperature drying process below 80℃ is fully suitable for sludge drying in municipal, printing and dyeing, papermaking, electroplating, and leather industries. The system operates safely, with no explosion hazard. There is no need to inject nitrogen during the sludge drying process. The oxygen content is mechanical electrostatic friction with the contact surface. There is no "sticky phase" stage (around 60%) during the urban sludge drying process. The dried material is granular, with no dust hazard. The discharge temperature is low (
High efficiency of the equipment:
It can directly dry sludge with a moisture content of 83% to 10%, without the need for segmented treatment (e.g., plate and frame filter press + thermal drying, thin-layer drying + belt drying, etc.). There is no loss of organic matter during the drying process, and the dried material has a high calorific value, suitable for later resource utilization. The volume reduction reaches 67%, and the weight reduction reaches 80%, which can save a large amount of later transportation costs. It is suitable for drying sludge with a moisture content of 83% - 50%.
Equipment Intelligence:
Fully automatic operation, saving a large amount of labor costs; PLC + touch screen intelligent control, enabling remote centralized control; The moisture content of the discharged material can be adjusted arbitrarily (10%-50%). It covers a small area. It covers a small area, with an average of about 4m² per ton of sludge;
It can be placed in an overlapping manner, covering 2m² per ton of sludge; There is no complex civil structure or foundation construction, saving civil construction costs, and the installation is simple; The equipment is easy to install, and the installation and commissioning cycle is short; It can be installed in the basement, saving land area.
Equipment Durability:
It uses materials such as stainless steel, and the heat exchanger is treated with electroplating anti - corrosion, with a long service life. There is no mechanical wear during the operation process. It has a service life of more than 15 years, no vulnerable or consumable parts, and is convenient for use and management.
Equipment environmental protection:
It adopts a low - temperature (40 - 75℃) fully enclosed drying mode, with no odor overflow, and there is no need to install a complex deodorization device. Using the low - temperature drying process, the precipitation of H2S and NH3 is greatly reduced. It can be installed in urban sewage treatment plants. The disposal of condensed water (sludge moisture) is simple (or direct discharge), which saves the cost of condensed water treatment in the drying process.
Strong equipment applicability:
The daily processing capacity of a single drying line can reach 100 tons (sludge cake with 80% moisture content). It is suitable for both decentralized and centralized sludge treatment modes, which saves sludge transportation costs and reduces environmental pollution during transportation. It is suitable for the technology of decentralized drying + centralized disposal of urban domestic sludge, which can better solve the difficult problem of urban sludge disposal. It is not affected by the external environmental temperature (low temperature in winter) and humidity (humidity in summer), and meets the usage requirements of various regions. The stabilization adopts the Pasteur sterilization method - low - temperature heating sterilization. The drying temperature above 70℃ can last for 90min - 120min, which can effectively kill more than 96% of bacteria. The innovative technology adopts the four - effect dehumidification patented technology, which can control the air humidity lower (up to less than 10%), with faster drying efficiency and can save a large amount of fan energy consumption at the same time. The independent layered air system meets the requirements of rapid dehydration of wet sludge, and the low - temperature drying cycle is short. The modular structure design has strong load - adjustment ability, is simple to install and convenient for installation. The transmission and feeding motors all adopt frequency - conversion stepless speed regulation, which is suitable for the adjustment of dry materials with different moisture contents (10% - 50%), with strong adaptability and stability.
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