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Help CenterSteel Pipe & Tube & Petroleum Steel Pipe，E75、X95、G105、S135、3PE、FBE
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Steel Pipe & Tube & Alloy Steel Pipe，GB/T 5310-2023、GB/T 8162、ASTM A335、ASME SA213NegotiableMOQ: 5 Metric Tons -
Steel Pipe & Tube & Alloy Steel Pipe，GB/T 5310-2023、GB/T 8162、ASTM A335、ASME SA213NegotiableMOQ: 5 Metric Tons
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Steel Pipe & Tube & Alloy Steel Pipe，GB/T 5310-2023、GB/T 8162、ASTM A335、ASME SA213NegotiableMOQ: 5 Metric Tons
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Steel Pipe & Tube & Alloy Steel Pipe，GB/T 5310-2023、GB/T 8162、ASTM A335、ASME SA213NegotiableMOQ: 5 Metric Tons
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Steel Pipe & Tube & Alloy Steel Pipe，GB/T 5310-2023、GB/T 8162、ASTM A335、ASME SA213NegotiableMOQ: 5 Metric Tons
I. Product Classification and Core Applications
1. Casing — Permanent Support Framework of Oil Wells
Application: Used to support well walls, isolate formations, prevent well collapse and interlayer channeling. It is permanently installed after cementing and accounts for more than 70% of the total consumption of oil well pipes.
Hierarchical Configuration:
Conductor Pipe: The uppermost pipe to fix the wellhead and prevent surface collapse, available in steel grades H40/J55.
Surface Casing: Isolates shallow water layers and loose formations, available in steel grades J55/K55.
Intermediate Casing: Seals complex pressure formations and lost circulation zones, available in steel grades N80/L80.
Production Casing: Extends to oil and gas reservoirs to form production channels, available in steel grades P110/Q125.
Specifications: Outer diameter 114.3–508mm (4.5"–20"), wall thickness 6.35–22.22mm, standard length 8.53–9.75m (mainstream R2 grade).
Thread Types: Short round thread (SC), long round thread (LC), buttress thread (BC), premium sealed threads (such as VAM, BGC).
2. Tubing — Oil and Gas Lifting & Injection Channel
Application: Suspended inside casing strings, serving as the flow channel for oil and gas lifting, water injection, steam injection, acidizing and fracturing operations, reusable for multiple operations.
Types: Non-upset (NU), external upset (EU), integral joint (IJ).
Specifications: Outer diameter 26.67–114.3mm (2 3/8"–4 1/2"), wall thickness 2.87–16mm, consistent length standard with casing.
Thread Types: Same as casing, mainly round threads and premium threads for high-pressure sealing adaptation.
3. Drill Pipe — Torque & Mud Transmission Rod for Drilling
Application: Connected to drill bits to transmit torque and drilling fluid, bearing combined loads of tension, compression, torsion and bending, with reusable performance.
Structure: Consists of pipe body and tool joints (upset ends), made of high-strength alloy steel.
Specifications: Outer diameter 60.3–168.3mm, wall thickness 7.11–12.7mm, length 8–12m.
Steel Grades: E75, X95, G105, S135 (high strength and high toughness).
4. Line Pipe — Long-Distance Oil & Gas Transmission Pipeline
Application: Used for transportation of crude oil, natural gas and refined oil products, covering the whole link from oilfields and refineries to terminal markets, adapting to high pressure and environmental stress conditions.
Standards: API 5L, GB/T 9711, steel grades ranging from B to X80 (the number after X refers to yield strength in ksi).
Specifications: Outer diameter 60.3–1219mm, wall thickness 3.18–25.4mm, length 6–12m.
Anti-Corrosion Treatment: 3PE coating, FBE coating, internal coating (drag reduction and corrosion prevention).
II. Core Materials and Steel Grades (API 5CT/5L Standards)
1. Carbon Steel (Conventional Working Conditions)
H40/J55/K55: Low strength grade, applied to shallow wells and surface projects with low cost.
N80 (N80-1/N80Q): Medium strength grade for intermediate casing; N80Q adopts quenching and tempering treatment with non-destructive testing, featuring better impact resistance.
P110: High strength grade, widely used for casings in deep wells and high-pressure wells.
2. Alloy Steel (Corrosive & High-Temperature Working Conditions)
L80-1/L80-9Cr/L80-13Cr: Resistant to CO₂ corrosion, suitable for medium and high-temperature wells; 13Cr is applicable to gas wells with high CO₂ content.
C90/T95/C110: Resistant to H₂S stress corrosion cracking (SSCC), designed for sulfur-bearing oil and gas wells.
Q125/V140: Ultra-high strength grade for ultra-deep wells and ultra-high pressure wells.
III. Executive Standards (International & Domestic)
API 5CT: Core specification for casing and tubing (governing dimensions, materials, mechanical properties, threads and inspection).
API 5B: Specification for thread machining, measurement and inspection of casing, tubing and line pipe.
API 5D: Specification for drill pipes.
API 5L: Specification for line pipes.
GB/T 9711: Chinese national standard for line pipes (equivalent to API 5L).
GB/T 19830: Chinese national standard for oil casings and tubings (equivalent to API 5CT).
IV. Key Mechanical and Performance Requirements
Yield Strength: J55≥379MPa, N80≥552MPa, P110≥758MPa, Q125≥862MPa.
Tensile Strength: ≥ Yield strength + 172MPa to ensure structural integrity and avoid fracture.
Impact Toughness: N80Q, L80 and other grades ≥27J (V-notch) to prevent brittle fracture.
Collapse Strength: Core performance index of casing to resist formation external pressure; P110≥345MPa.
Corrosion Resistance: Sulfur-bearing wells require qualified SSCC tests; CO₂-corrosive wells require Cr content ≥9%.
V. Production Process and Quality Control
1. Smelting: Electric furnace smelting + LF/VD refining, strictly controlling S≤0.005% and P≤0.015% to improve steel purity.
2. Rolling: Billet heating → piercing → hot rolling/cold drawing → sizing → straightening, with dimensional accuracy controlled within ±0.5%.
3. Heat Treatment:
Carbon steel: Normalizing / hot rolling (N80-1).
Alloy steel: Quenching and tempering (N80Q/L80/P110).
4. Thread Machining: CNC lathe processing for API and premium threads with tolerance ±0.02mm; thread sealing surfaces are copper-plated or phosphated.
5. Non-Destructive Testing: 100% full inspection via Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) and Eddy Current Testing (ET) to eliminate cracks and inclusions.
6. Hydrostatic Pressure Test: Casing and tubing are tested at 1.5 times the working pressure with a holding time of no less than 10 seconds, ensuring no leakage.
VI. Packaging, Marking and Delivery
Packaging: Bundled packaging (5–10 pieces per bundle), plastic thread protectors installed at both ends, threads wrapped with anti-rust paper for moisture and rain protection.
Marking: Permanent steel stamp + product label, including executive standard, steel grade, specification, furnace number, batch number, production date and manufacturer trademark.
Delivery Cycle: 5–7 days for conventional in-stock products.
VII. Common Failure Modes and Prevention Measures
Collapse Failure: Caused by external pressure exceeding pipe collapse strength → Solved by selecting higher-grade steel or thick-walled pipes.
Thread Slip: Failure of threaded connection → Controlled by precise thread tolerance, standard make-up torque and premium thread adoption.
Corrosion Damage: Caused by H₂S, CO₂ and Cl⁻ corrosion → Prevented by adopting corrosion-resistant steel grades and internal anti-corrosion coatings.
Pipe Fracture: Caused by fatigue and brittle fracture → Improved by enhancing impact toughness and controlling impurity elements.
VIII. Application Scenarios and Selection Guidelines
Shallow Wells (≤2000m): Casing: J55/K55; Tubing: J55, cost-effective priority.
Medium-Deep Wells (2000–4500m): Casing: N80/L80; Tubing: N80Q, balancing strength and economy.
Deep Wells (4500–6000m): Casing & Tubing: P110, high strength and excellent collapse resistance.
Ultra-Deep Wells (>6000m): Casing: Q125/V140, ultra-high strength grade.
Sulfur-Bearing Wells: Adopt C90/T95 steel grades for H₂S stress corrosion resistance.
High CO₂ Corrosive Wells: Adopt L80-13Cr steel grade for excellent CO₂ corrosion resistance.
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