Steel Sheet & Plate & Pressure Vessel Plate,ASME SA516/ ASTM A516、EN 10028
Product Description of Pressure Vessel Plates
Pressure vessel plates are special medium and heavy steel plates used for manufacturing pressure vessels, boiler drums, storage tanks, reactors and other pressure-bearing equipment. Featuring high strength and toughness, excellent low-temperature brittleness resistance, superior weldability and good corrosion resistance, they can withstand high temperature, high pressure, alternating loads and medium erosion for a long time. They are essential safety materials widely applied in energy, chemical, nuclear power and other industries.
1. Applicable Standards
Domestic Standards
GB/T 713-2014: Steel plates for boilers and pressure vessels (mainstream general standard)
GB/T 3531-2019: Low alloy steel plates for low-temperature pressure vessels
GB/T 713 Series (2023 Version): Covers general requirements, non-alloy steel, alloy steel, low-temperature steel, quenched and tempered high-strength steel, etc., suitable for high-end pressure-bearing equipment
International Standards
American Standard: ASME SA516 / ASTM A516 (e.g. SA516Gr70)
European Standard: EN 10028 (e.g. P265GH, P355GH)
2. Main Grades and Characteristics
2.1 Carbon Steel Pressure Vessel Plates
Q245R: Carbon-manganese steel with yield strength ≥245MPa. Applicable temperature ranges from -20℃ to 475℃. Ideal for low-pressure vessels and boiler drums, with good weldability and cost-effectiveness.
2.2 Low Alloy High-Strength Pressure Vessel Plates
Q345R: Upgraded version of 16MnR and the most popular grade. Yield strength ≥345MPa, tensile strength 490~620MPa, impact energy ≥34J at -20℃. Widely used for medium and high-pressure vessels, heat exchangers and petroleum storage tanks with comprehensive outstanding performance.
Q370R / Q420R: Higher strength grades, applied to high-pressure and thick-wall pressure-bearing equipment.
2.3 Low-Temperature Pressure Vessel Plates
16MnDR / 09MnNiDR: Excellent low-temperature toughness at -40℃ ~ -70℃, suitable for liquid nitrogen, liquid ammonia storage tanks and low-temperature reactors.
SA516Gr70 (SA516Gr485): American standard high-strength low-temperature steel. Impact energy ≥20J at -46℃, good resistance to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC), applicable for working conditions with hydrogen sulfide.
2.4 Heat-Resistant & Corrosion-Resistant Pressure Vessel Plates
15CrMoR / 14Cr1MoR: Chromium-molybdenum steel, heat-resistant up to 550℃ and anti-creeping. Used for hydrogenation reactors and high-temperature boiler components.
Q345R (HIC): Hydrogen induced cracking resistant steel, designed for acidic oil and gas environments to prevent stress corrosion cracking.
3. Chemical Composition (wt%, Core Control)
| Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q245R | ≤0.20 | 0.50~1.00 | 0.15~0.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
| Q345R | ≤0.20 | 1.20~1.60 | 0.15~0.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
| SA516Gr70 | ≤0.27 | 0.85~1.20 | 0.15~0.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 |
Key Requirements: The content of P and S shall not exceed 0.025% to avoid brittle fracture and corrosion. The steel is aluminum-killed for grain refinement with low carbon equivalent, effectively reducing the risk of welding cold cracks.
4. Mechanical Properties (Normalized Condition, Typical Values)
| Grade | Yield Strength (MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Impact Energy (-20℃, J) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q245R | ≥245 | 400~520 | ≥25 | ≥34 |
| Q345R | ≥345 | 490~620 | ≥21 | ≥34 |
| SA516Gr70 | ≥485 | 585~725 | ≥19 | ≥20 (-46℃) |
Core Indicators: Low-temperature impact energy ≥34J to prevent low-temperature brittle fracture, with stable yield strength for long-term pressure bearing service.
5. Dimension Specifications
Thickness
Regular range: 8~200mm; Maximum thickness up to 300mm (for Q345R)
Width
National standard: 1500~4020mm; Common sizes: 1800/2000/2200/2500/3000mm
Length
5000~18800mm, customized lengths available
Delivery Condition
Main: Normalized (N) for improved toughness and structural stability
Optional: Hot Rolled (HR), Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Processing (TMCP), Normalized & Tempered (N+T), Quenched & Tempered (Q+T)
6. Production Process & Quality Control
Smelting: Electric furnace smelting plus LF/VD refining to ensure high steel purity and low impurity content.
Rolling: Temperature-controlled rolling for grain refinement and uniform performance.
Heat Treatment: Normalizing and tempering to eliminate internal stress and optimize strength and toughness.
Non-Destructive Testing: Grade I / II Ultrasonic Testing (UT) implemented on every plate to exclude internal cracks, inclusions and laminations.
Surface Quality: Free from cracks, folds, scabs and excessive scale with burr-free edges.
7. Application Scope
Petrochemical Industry: Reactors, heat exchangers, crude oil storage tanks, hydrogenation reactors
Power & Energy Industry: Boiler drums, high-pressure heaters, nuclear power pressure components
Gas Industry: Oxygen / Nitrogen / Hydrogen storage tanks, low-temperature insulated vessels
Others: Pharmaceutical fermentation tanks, food-grade pressure vessels, environmental protection desulfurization equipment
8. Product Advantages
High Safety: Excellent strength, toughness, fatigue resistance and anti-brittle performance, suitable for high-pressure, low-temperature and corrosive harsh working conditions.
Excellent Weldability: Low carbon equivalent. No preheating or slight preheating required during welding. The strength of welded joint reaches over 95% of base metal.
Good Workability: Easy for cutting, bending, stamping and rolling to meet the manufacturing requirements of various shaped vessels.
Stable Quality: Manufactured in strict accordance with national and international standards. Each plate is inspected by ultrasonic testing with consistent performance and full traceability.
9. Packaging, Marking & Delivery
Packaging: Bundled firmly with moisture-proof and rust-proof treatment and surface protective film.
Marking: Each plate is marked with grade, dimension, heat number, standard number and testing grade. Official mill test certificate is provided.
Delivery Lead Time: 5-7 working days for regular sizes in stock; customized products as agreed.
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