Retort operation instructions
Generally, the canned food factory adopts this type of horizontal sterilization pot when the canned food is heated and sterilized at normal pressure by boiling. This equipment can achieve back pressure sterilization by introducing compressed air. If the cooling needs to be performed in the pot, a water pump must be used to drive the water spray pipe on the top of the pot (or use a water circulation system).
During sterilization, the temperature inside the can will exceed the pressure outside the can (in the pot) because the temperature of the can rises due to heating. Therefore, in order to avoid pressurizing and jumping the cap in glass jars during sterilization, the two ends of the tinplate can project convexly, and the back pressure must be applied, especially for meat cans that require higher sterilization temperature.
The use of back pressure sterilization means that compressed air is passed into the pot to increase the pressure to prevent canned cans and jumping caps. The operation is described as follows: Because compressed air is a poor heat conductor, the steam itself has a certain pressure. Therefore, during the heating process of sterilization, compressed air is not put in, and only when the sterilization temperature is reached, the compressed air is opened into the pot, which increases the pressure in the pot by 0.5 to 0.8 atmospheres. After sterilization, when the temperature is cooled down, the supply of steam is stopped and the cooling water is pressed into the water spray pipe. As the temperature in the pot drops and the steam condenses, the pressure in the pot is reduced by the pressure of compressed air to compensate.
During the sterilization process, attention should be paid to the initial exhaust, and then to release steam to allow the steam to circulate. It can also be deflated every 15-20 minutes to promote heat exchange. In short, the requirements of sterilization conditions must be met. The sterilization temperature, the sterilization pressure, the sterilization time, and the operation method are all specified by the canned product. Sterilizer use, maintenance
1. The standard and inspection basis for the design and manufacture of this equipment: "Steel Pressure Vessel (GB150-1998)" and "Pressure Vessel Safety Technical Supervision Regulations (99 edition)" for manufacturing, testing and acceptance; welding according to Welding regulations for steel pressure vessels (JB / T4709-2000) "; radiographic inspection shall be carried out in accordance with Class III of (JB4730-94).
2. The user should formulate the safety operation rules of the sterilizer according to the sterilization conditions of the production process of the unit and the technical performance of the sterilizer, and strictly implement them. The sterilizer safety operation procedures should at least include:
(1) The operating process index, maximum working pressure, and maximum working temperature of the sterilizer.
(2) Operating methods and procedures and precautions for sterilizers.
(3) During the production operation, items and parts should be inspected, as well as possible abnormal phenomena and preventive measures during operation.
(4) Maintenance methods when equipment is deactivated.
3. It is strictly forbidden to operate the equipment above the design pressure and temperature.
4. Operators who use sterilizers should pass the training and examination and strictly abide by the safety operation regulations and the post responsibility system; if abnormal phenomena are found, they should be dealt with in a timely manner.
5. The sterilizer is equipped with safety valves, pressure gauges, thermometers and other accessories, which must be kept safe, complete, sensitive and reliable. Maintenance and periodic calibration should be added during use. The safety valve trip pressure of this equipment is equal to the design pressure, it should be kept sensitive and reliable, and it should be prevented from being adjusted arbitrarily. Pressure gauge and thermometer accuracy grades are both 1.5 grades. Differences within tolerances are normal. Unleaded seal pressure gauges must not be used. The pressure gauge indications are broken, the scale is not clear, the dial is broken, the pointer does not return to zero after the pressure is released, and the seal is damaged. It should be replaced immediately. The thermometer should be inspected regularly. It should be calibrated with a standard thermometer before use and checked once a year thereafter. Any mercury column that breaks and differs from the standard temperature by more than 0.5 ° C should be sent for repair or replacement.
6. The sterilizer should be inspected regularly, and external inspection should be conducted at least once every six months, and comprehensive inspection should be conducted at least once every year. The preparatory work and inspection items before inspection should be carried out in accordance with "rules" and relevant regulations, and the inspection report should be archived for the record.
7. During use, the sliding and rolling contact parts of the inclined self-locking wedges, rollers, pot ears, swivel flanges, etc. should always be applied with grease and oil to ensure that the friction surface is in a lubricated state.
8. If the sealing ring on the flange surface of the pot is old, if it is damaged or worn too much, it should be replaced in time to ensure the seal and prevent leakage.
9. When the equipment is stopped, the inner and outer surfaces of the sterilization pot and the lid should be cleaned. The exposed processing surface is brushed with rust-proof paint, and the safety detection and control instruments are sealed and protected.